Authentication mechanisms

An authentication mechanism defines rules about security information, such as whether a credential is forwardable to another Java process, and the format of how security information is stored in both credentials and tokens.

Authentication is the process of establishing whether a client is who or what it claims to be in a particular context. A client can be either an end user, a machine, or an application. An authentication mechanism in WebSphere Application Server typically collaborates closely with a user registry. The user registry is the user and groups account repository that the authentication mechanism consults with when performing authentication. The authentication mechanism is responsible for creating a credential, which is an internal product representation of a successfully authenticated client user. Not all credentials are created equally. The abilities of the credential are determined by the configured authentication mechanism.

Although this product provides multiple authentication mechanisms, you can configure only a single active authentication mechanism at one time. The active authentication mechanism is selected when configuring WebSphere Application Server global security.

Authentication process

The figure demonstrates the authentication process. Authentication is required for enterprise bean clients and Web clients when they access protected resources. Enterprise bean clients, like a servlet or other enterprise beans or a pure client, send the authentication information to a Web application server using one of the following protocols:
  • Common Secure Interoperability Version 2 (CSIv2)
  • Secure Authentication Service (SAS)
    Note:

Web clients use the HTTP or HTTPS protocol to send the authentication information, as shown in the previous figure.

The authentication data can be from a basic authentication (user ID and password), a credential token (in the case of Lightweight Third Party Authentication (LTPA)), or a client certificate. The Web authentication is performed by the Web Authentication module.

The enterprise bean authentication is performed by the Enterprise JavaBean (EJB) authentication module, which resides in the CSIv2 and SAS layer.

The enterprise bean authentication is performed by the Enterprise JavaBean (EJB) authentication module

The authentication module is implemented using the Java Authentication and Authorization Service (JAAS) login module. The Web authenticator and the EJB authenticator pass the authentication data to the login module (2), which can use the following mechanisms to authenticate the data:

  • LTPA
  • Simple WebSphere Authentication Mechanism (SWAM)

The authentication module uses the registry that is configured on the system to perform the authentication (4). Three types of registries are supported: local OS, Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP), and custom registry. External registry implementation following the registry interface that is specified by IBM can replace either the local OS or the LDAP user registry.

The login module creates a JAAS subject after authentication and stores the credential that is derived from the authentication data in the public credentials list of the subject. The credential is returned to the Web authenticator or to the enterprise beans authenticator (5).

The Web authenticator and the enterprise beans authenticator store the received credentials in the Object Request Broker (ORB) current for the authorization service to use in performing further access control checks. If the credentials are forwardable, they are sent to other application servers.




Subtopics
Lightweight Third Party Authentication
Trust associations
Single sign-on
Security attribute propagation
Simple WebSphere authentication mechanism
Concept topic    

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Last updated: Aug 29, 2010 6:22:59 PM CDT
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