IBM Cúram Social Program Management batch programs are designed to run as Java (rather than Java EE) applications as this simplifies deployment and reduces licensing costs. However on occasion it is useful for a batch program to initiate functionality that is typically associated with online programs - such as starting workflows and deferred processes. In an online application these rely on the presence of JMS (Java Message Service) which is not available to batch programs. However batch programs do have access to the database, so for those parts of workflow and deferred processing which put messages onto queues, a database table is used to temporarily store the messages. At some later stage a notification/trigger is sent to the online application. This triggers the online application to transfer the messages from the DB to the JMS queue. Therefore this mechanism is known as DB-to-JMS (short for Database-to-JMS).