Application Building Guide

Linux C

This section includes the following topics:

DB2 CLI Applications
DB2 CLI Stored Procedures
DB2 API and Embedded SQL Applications
Embedded SQL Stored Procedures
User-Defined Functions (UDFs)
Multi-threaded Applications

DB2 CLI Applications

The script file bldcli in sqllib/samples/cli contains the commands to build a DB2 CLI program. The parameter, $1, specifies the name of your source file.

This is the only required parameter, and the only one needed for CLI programs that do not contain embedded SQL. Building embedded SQL programs requires a connection to the database so three optional parameters are also provided: the second parameter, $2, specifies the name of the database to which you want to connect; the third parameter, $3, specifies the user ID for the database, and $4 specifies the password.

If the program contains embedded SQL, indicated by the .sqc extension, then the embprep script is called to precompile the program, producing a program file with a .c extension.

#! /bin/ksh # bldcli script file -- Linux # Builds a CLI program with Linux C # Usage: bldcli <prog_name> [ <db_name> [ <userid> <password> ]] # Set DB2PATH to where DB2 will be accessed. # The default is the standard instance path. DB2PATH=$HOME/sqllib # If an embedded SQL program, precompile and bind it. if [[ -f $1".sqc" ]] then embprep $1 $2 $3 $4 fi # Compile the error-checking utility. cc -I$DB2PATH/include -c utilcli.c # Compile the program. cc -I$DB2PATH/include -c $1.c # Link the program. cc -o $1 $1.o utilcli.o -L$DB2PATH/lib -Wl,-rpath,$DB2PATH/lib -ldb2

Compile and Link Options for bldcli

Compile Options:

cc
The C compiler.
-I$DB2PATH/include
Specify the location of the DB2 include files. For example: $HOME/sqllib/include
-c
Perform compile only; no link. The script file has separate compile and link steps.

Link options:

cc
Use the compiler as a front end for the linker.
-o $1
Specify the executable.
$1.o
Include the program object file.
utilcli.o
Include the utility object file for error checking.
-L$DB2PATH/lib
Specify the location of the DB2 static and shared libraries at link-time. For example: $HOME/sqllib/lib. If you do not specify the -L option, /usr/lib:/lib is assumed.
-Wl,-rpath,$DB2PATH/lib
Specify the location of the DB2 shared libraries at run-time. For example: $HOME/sqllib/lib.
-ldb2
Link with the DB2 library.

Refer to your compiler documentation for additional compiler options.

Compile and Link Options for bldcli
Compile Options: `cc` The C compiler. `-I$DB2PATH/include` Specify the location of the DB2 include files. For example: `$HOME/sqllib/include` `-c` Perform compile only; no link. The script file has separate compile and link steps.
Link options: `cc` Use the compiler as a front end for the linker. `-o $1` Specify the executable. `$1.o` Include the program object file. `utilcli.o` Include the utility object file for error checking. `-L$DB2PATH/lib` Specify the location of the DB2 static and shared libraries at link-time. For example: `$HOME/sqllib/lib`. If you do not specify the `-L` option, `/usr/lib:/lib` is assumed. `-Wl,-rpath,$DB2PATH/lib` Specify the location of the DB2 shared libraries at run-time. For example: `$HOME/sqllib/lib`. `-ldb2` Link with the DB2 library. Refer to your compiler documentation for additional compiler options.

To build the sample program tbinfo from the source file tbinfo.c, enter:

 
   bldcli tbinfo

The result is an executable file tbinfo. You can run the executable file by entering the executable name:

   tbinfo

Building and Running Embedded SQL Applications

There are three ways to build the embedded SQL application, dbusemx, from the source file dbusemx.sqc:

If connecting to the sample database on the same instance, enter:
```
   bldcli dbusemx
```
If connecting to another database on the same instance, also enter the database name:
```
   bldcli dbusemx database
```
If connecting to a database on another instance, also enter the user ID and password of the database instance:
```
   bldcli dbusemx database userid password
```

The result is an executable file, dbusemx.

There are three ways to run this embedded SQL application:

If accessing the sample database on the same instance, simply enter the executable name:
```
   dbusemx
```
If accessing another database on the same instance, enter the executable name and the database name:
```
   dbusemx database
```
If accessing a database on another instance, enter the executable name, database name, and user ID and password of the database instance:
```
   dbusemx database userid password
```

DB2 CLI Applications with DB2 APIs

DB2 includes CLI sample programs that use DB2 APIs to create and drop a database in order to demonstrate using CLI functions on more than one database. The descriptions of the CLI sample programs in Table 7 indicates the samples that use DB2 APIs.

The script file bldapi in sqllib/samples/cli contains the commands to build a DB2 CLI program with DB2 APIs. This file compiles and links in the utilapi utility file, which contains the DB2 APIs to create and drop a database. This is the only difference between this file and the bldcli script. Please see "DB2 CLI Applications" for the compile and link options common to both bldapi and bldcli.

To build the sample program dbmconn from the source file dbmconn.c, enter:

 
   bldapi dbmconn

The result is an executable file dbmconn. You can run the executable file by entering the executable name:

   dbmconn

DB2 CLI Stored Procedures

The script file bldclisp in sqllib/samples/cli contains the commands to build a DB2 CLI stored procedure. The parameter, $1, specifies the name of your source file.

#! /bin/ksh
# bldclisp script file -- Linux
# Builds a CLI stored procedure in Linux C.
# Usage: bldclisp <prog_name>
 
# Set DB2PATH to where DB2 will be accessed. 
# The default is the standard instance path.
DB2PATH=$HOME/sqllib
  
# Compile the error-checking utility.
cc -I$DB2PATH/include -c utilcli.c
  
# Compile the program.
cc -I$DB2PATH/include -c $1.c
  
# Link the program.
cc -o $1 $1.o utilcli.o -shared -L$DB2PATH/lib -Wl,-rpath,$DB2PATH/lib -ldb2
  
# Copy the shared library to the function subdirectory.
# The user must have write permission to this directory.
rm -f $DB2PATH/function/$1
cp $1 $DB2PATH/function

Compile and Link Options for bldclisp

Compile Options:

cc
The C compiler.
-I$DB2PATH/include
Specify the location of the DB2 include files. For example: $HOME/sqllib/include.
-c
Perform compile only; no link. This script file has separate compile and link steps.

Link Options:

cc
Use the compiler as a front end for the linker.
-o $1
Specify the executable.
$1.o
Include the program object file.
utilcli.o
Include the utility object file for error-checking.
-shared
Generate a shared library.
-L$DB2PATH/lib
Specify the location of the DB2 static and shared libraries at link-time. For example: $HOME/sqllib/lib. If you do not specify the -L option, /usr/lib:/lib is assumed.
-Wl,-rpath,$DB2PATH/lib
Specify the location of the DB2 shared libraries at run-time. For example: $HOME/sqllib/lib.
-ldb2
Link with the DB2 library.

Refer to your compiler documentation for additional compiler options.

Compile and Link Options for bldclisp
Compile Options: `cc` The C compiler. `-I$DB2PATH/include` Specify the location of the DB2 include files. For example: `$HOME/sqllib/include`. `-c` Perform compile only; no link. This script file has separate compile and link steps.
Link Options: `cc` Use the compiler as a front end for the linker. `-o $1` Specify the executable. `$1.o` Include the program object file. `utilcli.o` Include the utility object file for error-checking. `-shared` Generate a shared library. `-L$DB2PATH/lib` Specify the location of the DB2 static and shared libraries at link-time. For example: `$HOME/sqllib/lib`. If you do not specify the `-L` option, `/usr/lib:/lib` is assumed. `-Wl,-rpath,$DB2PATH/lib` Specify the location of the DB2 shared libraries at run-time. For example: `$HOME/sqllib/lib`. `-ldb2` Link with the DB2 library. Refer to your compiler documentation for additional compiler options.

To build the sample program spserver from source file spserver.c, enter:

    bldclisp spserver

The script file copies the shared library to the sqllib/function directory.

Next, catalog the stored procedures by running the spcreate.db2 script on the server. First, connect to the database:

   db2 connect to sample

If the stored procedures were previously cataloged, you can drop them with this command:

   db2 -td@ -vf spdrop.db2

Then catalog them with this command:

   db2 -td@ -vf spcreate.db2

Then, stop and restart the database to allow the new shared library to be recognized. If necessary, set the file mode for the shared library so the DB2 instance can access it.

Once you build the shared library, spserver, you can build the CLI client application spclient that calls the shared library.

You can build spclient by using the script file, bldcli. Refer to "DB2 CLI Applications" for details.

To access the shared library, run the sample client application by entering:

spclient database userid password

where

database: Is the name of the database to which you want to connect. The name could be sample, or its alias, or another database name.
userid: Is a valid user ID.
password: Is a valid password.

The client application accesses the shared library, spserver, and executes a number of stored procedure functions on the server database. The output is returned to the client application.

DB2 API and Embedded SQL Applications

The script file bldapp, in sqllib/samples/c, contains the commands to build a DB2 application program.

The first parameter, $1, specifies the name of your source file. This is the only required parameter, and the only one needed for DB2 API programs that do not contain embedded SQL. Building embedded SQL programs requires a connection to the database so three optional parameters are also provided: the second parameter, $2, specifies the name of the database to which you want to connect; the third parameter, $3, specifies the user ID for the database, and $4 specifies the password.

For an embedded SQL program, bldapp passes the parameters to the precompile and bind script, embprep. If no database name is supplied, the default sample database is used. The user ID and password parameters are only needed if the instance where the program is built is different from the instance where the database is located.

#! /bin/ksh # bldapp script file -- Linux # Builds a C application program. # Usage: bldapp <prog_name> [ <db_name> [ <userid> <password> ]] # Set DB2PATH to where DB2 will be accessed. # The default is the standard instance path. DB2PATH=$HOME/sqllib # If an embedded SQL program, precompile and bind it. if [[ -f $1".sqc" ]] then embprep $1 $2 $3 $4 # Compile the utilemb.c error-checking utility. cc -I$DB2PATH/include -c utilemb.c else # Compile the utilapi.c error-checking utility. cc -I$DB2PATH/include -c utilapi.c fi # Compile the program. cc -I$DB2PATH/include -c $1.c if [[ -f $1".sqc" ]] then # Link the program with utilemb.o. cc -o $1 $1.o utilemb.o -L$DB2PATH/lib \ -Wl,-rpath,$DB2PATH/lib -ldb2 else # Link the program with utilapi.o. cc -o $1 $1.o utilapi.o -L$DB2PATH/lib \ -Wl,-rpath,$DB2PATH/lib -ldb2 fi

Compile and Link Options for bldapp

Compile Options:

cc
The C compiler.
-I$DB2PATH/include
Specify the location of the DB2 include files. For example: $HOME/sqllib/include
-c
Perform compile only; no link. This script file has separate compile and link steps.

Link options:

cc
Use the compiler as a front end for the linker.
-o $1
Specify the executable.
$1.o
Specify the object file.
utilemb.o
If an embedded SQL program, include the embedded SQL utility object file for error checking.
utilapi.o
If a non-embedded SQL program, include the DB2 API utility object file for error checking.
-L$DB2PATH/lib
Specify the location of the DB2 static and shared libraries at link-time. For example: $HOME/sqllib/lib. If you do not specify the -L option, /usr/lib:/lib is assumed.
-Wl,-rpath,$DB2PATH/lib
Specify the location of the DB2 shared libraries at run-time. For example: $HOME/sqllib/lib.
-ldb2
Link with the DB2 library.

Refer to your compiler documentation for additional compiler options.

Compile and Link Options for bldapp
Compile Options: `cc` The C compiler. `-I$DB2PATH/include` Specify the location of the DB2 include files. For example: `$HOME/sqllib/include` `-c` Perform compile only; no link. This script file has separate compile and link steps.
Link options: `cc` Use the compiler as a front end for the linker. `-o $1` Specify the executable. `$1.o` Specify the object file. `utilemb.o` If an embedded SQL program, include the embedded SQL utility object file for error checking. `utilapi.o` If a non-embedded SQL program, include the DB2 API utility object file for error checking. `-L$DB2PATH/lib` Specify the location of the DB2 static and shared libraries at link-time. For example: `$HOME/sqllib/lib`. If you do not specify the `-L` option, `/usr/lib:/lib` is assumed. `-Wl,-rpath,$DB2PATH/lib` Specify the location of the DB2 shared libraries at run-time. For example: `$HOME/sqllib/lib`. `-ldb2` Link with the DB2 library. Refer to your compiler documentation for additional compiler options.

To build the DB2 API non-embedded SQL sample program, client, from the source file client.c, enter:

   bldapp client

The result is an executable file, client.

To run the executable file, enter the executable name:

   client

Building and Running Embedded SQL Applications

There are three ways to build the embedded SQL application, updat, from the source file updat.sqc:

If connecting to the sample database on the same instance, enter:
```
   bldapp updat
```
If connecting to another database on the same instance, also enter the database name:
```
   bldapp updat database
```
If connecting to a database on another instance, also enter the user ID and password of the database instance:
```
   bldapp updat database userid password
```

The result is an executable file, updat.

There are three ways to run this embedded SQL application:

If accessing the sample database on the same instance, simply enter the executable name:
```
   updat
```
If accessing another database on the same instance, enter the executable name and the database name:
```
   updat database
```
If accessing a database on another instance, enter the executable name, database name, and user ID and password of the database instance:
```
   updat database userid password
```

Embedded SQL Stored Procedures

The script file bldsrv, in sqllib/samples/c, contains the commands to build an embedded SQL stored procedure. The script file compiles the stored procedure into a shared library that can be called by a client application.

The first parameter, $1, specifies the name of your source file. The second parameter, $2, specifies the name of the database to which you want to connect. Since the stored procedure must be build on the same instance where the database resides, you do not have to specify parameters for user ID and password.

Only the first parameter, source file name, is required. Database name is optional. If no database name is supplied, the program uses the default sample database.

#! /bin/ksh
# bldsrv script file -- Linux
# Builds a C stored procedure
# Usage: bldsrv <prog_name> [ <db_name> ] 
 
# Set DB2PATH to where DB2 will be accessed.
# The default is the standard instance path.
DB2PATH=$HOME/sqllib
 
# Precompile and bind the program.
embprep $1 $2
 
# Compile the program.
cc -I$DB2PATH/include -c $1.c
 
# Link the program and create a shared library
cc -shared -o $1 $1.o -L$DB2PATH/lib -Wl,-rpath,$DB2PATH/lib -ldb2
 
# Copy the shared library to the function subdirectory.
# The user must have write permission to this directory.
rm -f $DB2PATH/function/$1
cp $1 $DB2PATH/function

Compile and Link Options for bldsrv

Compile Options:

cc
The C compiler.
-I$DB2PATH/include
Specify the location of the DB2 include files. For example: $HOME/sqllib/include
-c
Perform compile only; no link. This script file has separate compile and link steps.

Link Options:

cc
Use the compiler as a front end for the linker.
-shared
Generate a shared library.
-o $1
Specify the executable.
$1.o
Include the program object file.
-L$DB2PATH/lib
Specify the location of the DB2 static and shared libraries at link-time. For example: $HOME/sqllib/lib. If you do not specify the -L option, /usr/lib:/lib is assumed.
-Wl,-rpath,$DB2PATH/lib
Specify the location of the DB2 shared libraries at run-time. For example: $HOME/sqllib/lib.
-ldb2
Link with the DB2 library.

Refer to your compiler documentation for additional compiler options.

Compile and Link Options for bldsrv
Compile Options: `cc` The C compiler. `-I$DB2PATH/include` Specify the location of the DB2 include files. For example: `$HOME/sqllib/include` `-c` Perform compile only; no link. This script file has separate compile and link steps.
Link Options: `cc` Use the compiler as a front end for the linker. `-shared` Generate a shared library. `-o $1` Specify the executable. `$1.o` Include the program object file. `-L$DB2PATH/lib` Specify the location of the DB2 static and shared libraries at link-time. For example: `$HOME/sqllib/lib`. If you do not specify the `-L` option, `/usr/lib:/lib` is assumed. `-Wl,-rpath,$DB2PATH/lib` Specify the location of the DB2 shared libraries at run-time. For example: `$HOME/sqllib/lib`. `-ldb2` Link with the DB2 library. Refer to your compiler documentation for additional compiler options.

To build the sample program spserver from source file spserver.sqc, if connecting to the sample database, enter:

    bldsrv spserver

If connecting to another database, also enter the database name:

    bldsrv spserver database

The script file copies the shared library to the server in the path sqllib/function.

Next, catalog the stored procedures by running the spcreate.db2 script on the server. First, connect to the database:

   db2 connect to sample

If the stored procedures were previously cataloged, you can drop them with this command:

   db2 -td@ -vf spdrop.db2

Then catalog them with this command:

   db2 -td@ -vf spcreate.db2

Then, stop and restart the database to allow the new shared library to be recognized. If necessary, set the file mode for the shared library so the DB2 instance can access it.

Once you build the shared library, spserver, you can build the client application spclient that accesses it.

You can build spclient by using the script file, bldapp. Refer to "DB2 API and Embedded SQL Applications" for details.

To call the stored procedures in the shared library, run the sample client application by entering:

spclient database userid password

where

database: Is the name of the database to which you want to connect. The name could be sample, or its alias, or another database name.
userid: Is a valid user ID.
password: Is a valid password.

The client application accesses the stored procedure library, spserver, and executes a number of stored procedure functions on the server database. The output is returned to the client application.

User-Defined Functions (UDFs)

The script file bldudf in sqllib/samples/c contains the commands to build a UDF. A UDF does not contain embedded SQL statements. So to build a UDF program, you do not need to connect to a database or precompile and bind the program.

The parameter, $1, specifies the name of your source file. The script file also uses this source file name for the shared library name.

#! /bin/ksh
# bldudf script file -- Linux
# Builds a C UDF library
# Usage: bldudf <prog_name> 
 
# Set DB2PATH to where DB2 will be accessed.
# The default is the standard instance path.
DB2PATH=$HOME/sqllib
 
# Compile the program.
cc -I$DB2PATH/include -c $1.c
 
# Link the program and create a shared library.
cc -o $1 $1.o -shared -L$DB2PATH/lib -Wl,-rpath,$DB2PATH/lib -ldb2 -ldb2apie
 
# Copy the shared library to the function subdirectory.
# The user must have write permission to this directory.
rm -f $DB2PATH/function/$1
cp $1 $DB2PATH/function

Compile and Link Options for bldudf

Compile Options:

cc
The C compiler.
-I$DB2PATH/include
Specify the location of the DB2 include files. For example: $HOME/sqllib/include.
-c
Perform compile only; no link. This script file has separate compile and link steps.

Link Options:

cc
Use the compiler as a front end for the linker.
-o $1
Specify the executable.
$1.o
Include the program object file.
-shared
Generate a shared library.
-L$DB2PATH/lib
Specify the location of the DB2 static and shared libraries at link-time. For example: $HOME/sqllib/lib. If you do not specify the -L option, /usr/lib:/lib is assumed.
-Wl,-rpath,$DB2PATH/lib
Specify the location of the DB2 shared libraries at run-time. For example: $HOME/sqllib/lib.
-ldb2
Link with the DB2 library.
-ldb2apie
Link with the DB2 API Engine library to allow the use of LOB locators.

Refer to your compiler documentation for additional compiler options.

Compile and Link Options for bldudf
Compile Options: `cc` The C compiler. `-I$DB2PATH/include` Specify the location of the DB2 include files. For example: `$HOME/sqllib/include`. `-c` Perform compile only; no link. This script file has separate compile and link steps.
Link Options: `cc` Use the compiler as a front end for the linker. `-o $1` Specify the executable. `$1.o` Include the program object file. `-shared` Generate a shared library. `-L$DB2PATH/lib` Specify the location of the DB2 static and shared libraries at link-time. For example: `$HOME/sqllib/lib`. If you do not specify the `-L` option, `/usr/lib:/lib` is assumed. `-Wl,-rpath,$DB2PATH/lib` Specify the location of the DB2 shared libraries at run-time. For example: `$HOME/sqllib/lib`. `-ldb2` Link with the DB2 library. `-ldb2apie` Link with the DB2 API Engine library to allow the use of LOB locators. Refer to your compiler documentation for additional compiler options.

To build the user-defined function program udfsrv from the source file udfsrv.c, enter:

   
   bldudf udfsrv

The script file copies the UDF to the sqllib/function directory.

If necessary, set the file mode for the UDF so the DB2 instance can run it.

Once you build udfsrv, you can build the client application, udfcli, that calls it. DB2 CLI and embedded SQL versions of this program are provided.

You can build the DB2 CLI udfcli program from the source file udfcli.c, in sqllib/samples/cli, using the script file bldcli. Refer to "DB2 CLI Applications" for details.

You can build the embedded SQL udfcli program from the source file udfcli.sqc, in sqllib/samples/c, using the script file bldapp. Refer to "DB2 API and Embedded SQL Applications" for details.

To call the UDF, run the sample calling application by entering the executable name:

   udfcli

The calling application calls the ScalarUDF function from the udfsrv library.

Multi-threaded Applications

Multi-threaded applications using Linux C need to be compiled with -D_REENTRANT and linked with -lpthread.

The script file, bldmt, in sqllib/samples/c, contains the commands to build an embedded SQL multi-threaded program.

The first parameter, $1, specifies the name of your source file. The second parameter, $2, specifies the name of the database to which you want to connect. The third parameter, $3, specifies the user ID for the database, and $4 specifies the password. Only the first parameter, the source file name, is required. Database name, user ID, and password are optional. If no database name is supplied, the program uses the default sample database.

#! /bin/ksh
# bldmt script file -- Linux
# Builds a C multi-threaded embedded SQL program.
# Usage: bldmt <prog_name> [ <db_name> [ <userid> <password> ]] 
 
# Set DB2PATH to where DB2 will be accessed.
# The default is the standard instance path.
DB2PATH=$HOME/sqllib
 
# Precompile and bind the program.
embprep $1 $2 $3 $4
 
# Compile the program.
cc -I$DB2PATH/include -c $1.c -D_REENTRANT
 
# Link the program.
cc -o $1 $1.o -lpthread -L$DB2PATH/lib -Wl,-rpath,$DB2PATH/lib -ldb2

Besides the -D_REENTRANT and -lpthread options, discussed above, and the absence of a utility file linked in, the other compile and link options are the same as those used for the embedded SQL script file, bldapp. For information on these options, see "DB2 API and Embedded SQL Applications".

To build the sample program, thdsrver, from the source file thdsrver.sqc, enter:

   bldmt thdsrver

The result is an executable file, thdsrver. To run the executable file against the sample database, enter:

   thdsrver

[ Top of Page | Previous Page | Next Page ]