COMMAND
at - Runs commands at a later time.
AIX SYNTAX
To Schedule Jobs to Run at a Later Time
at [ -c | -k | -s | -q Queue ] [ -m ] [ -f File
]
{ -t Date |Time [ Day ] [ Increment ] }
To
Report Scheduled Jobs
at -l [ -o ] [ Job ... | -q Queue ]
at -n [ User ]
To Remove
Scheduled Jobs
at -r [ -F ] [ -i ] Job ...
at -r [ -F ] [ -i ] -u User
LINUX SYNTAX
at [-V] [-q queue] [-f file]
[-mldbv] TIME
at -c job [job...]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
In AIX
-c
Requests that the csh command be used for executing this job.
In
Linux
-c
cats the jobs listed on the command line to standart
output.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-V
Prints the version number to standard error
-d
Is an alias for atrm.
-v
Shows the time the job will be executed.
COMMAND NAME
atq - Displays the queue of jobs waiting to be run.
AIX SYNTAX
atq [ c | -n ] [ User ... ]
LINUX SYNTAX
atq [-V] [-q queue] [-v]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-q queue
uses the specified queue. A queue
designation consists of a single
letter; valid queue designations range from a to z. and A to
Z. The
a queue is the default for at and the b queue for
batch.Queues with
higher letters run with increased
niceness. The special queue "="
is reserved for jobs which are currently running.
-V
Prints the version number to standard error
-v
Shows completed but not yet deleted jobs in the
queue.
COMMAND NAME
atrm - Removes jobs spooled by the at command.
AIX SYNTAX
atrm [ -f ] [ -i ] [ - ] [ Job ... | User ... ]
LINUX SYNTAX
atrm [-V] job [job...]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-V
Prints the version number to standard error.
COMMAND NAME
awk - Finds lines in files matching patterns and then performs specified actions on them.
AIX SYNTAX
awk [ -F Ere ] [ -v Assignment ] ...
{ -f ProgramFile | 'Program' }
[ [ File ... | Assignment ... ] ] ...
LINUX SYNTAX
gawk [ POSIX or GNU style options ] -f program-file
[ -- ] file ...
gawk [ POSIX or GNU style options ] [ --
]
program-text file ...
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-mf NNN
-mr NNN
Set various memory limits to the value NNN. The f
flag sets the maximum number of fields, and the r
flag sets the maximum record size. These two flags
and the -m option are from the Bell Labs research
version of UNIX awk. They are ignored
by gawk,
since gawk has no pre-defined limits.
-W traditional
-W compat
--traditional
--compat
Run in compatibility mode. In compatibility mode,
gawk behaves identically to UNIX awk; none of the
GNU-specific extensions are recognized. The use of
--traditional is preferred over the other forms of
this option. See GNU EXTENSIONS, below, for
more information.
-W copyleft
-W copyright
--copyleft
--copyright
Print the short version of the GNU copyright infor&endash;
mation message on the standard output, and
exits
successfully.
-W help
-W usage
--help
--usage
Print a relatively short summary of the available
options on the standard output. (Per the GNU
Cod&endash;
ing Standards, these options cause an
immediate,
successful exit.)
-W lint
--lint
Provide warnings about constructs that are dubious
or non-portable to other AWK implementations.
-W lint-old
--lint-old
Provide warnings about constructs that
are not
portable to the original version of Unix awk.
-W posix
--posix
This turns on compatibility mode, with the following
additional restrictions:
· \x escape sequences are not recognized.
· Only space and tab act as field separators
when
FS is set to a single space, newline does not.
· The synonym func for the keyword function is not
recognized.
· The operators ** and **= cannot be used in place
of ^ and ^=.
· The fflush() function is not available.
-W re-interval
--re-interval
Enable the use of interval expressions in regular
expression matching (see Regular
Expressions,
below). Interval expressions were not
tradition&endash;
ally available in the AWK language. The POSIX stan&endash;
dard added them, to make awk and egrep consistent
with each other. However, their use is likely
to
break old AWK programs, so gawk only provides them
if they are requested with this option, or
when
--posix is specified.
-W source program-text
--source program-text
Use program-text as AWK program source code. This
option allows the easy intermixing of library func&endash;
tions (used via the -f and --file options)
with
source code entered on the command line.
It is
intended primarily for medium to large AWK programs
used in shell scripts.
-W version
--version
Print version information for this particular copy
of gawk on the standard output. This is
useful
mainly for knowing if the current copy of gawk on
your system is up to date with respect to whatever
the Free Software Foundation is distributing. This
is also useful when reporting bugs. (Per the
GNU
Coding Standards, these options cause an immediate,
successful exit.)
COMMAND NAME
batch - Runs jobs when the system load level permits.
AIX SYNTAX
batch
LINUX SYNTAX
batch [-V] [-q queue] [-f file] [-mv] [TIME]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX :
-V
Prints the version number to standard error.
-q queue
uses the specified queue. A queue designation
consists of a
single letter; valid queue designations range from a to z.
and
A to Z. The a queue is the default for at and the b queue
for
batch.Queues with higher letters run
with increased niceness.
The special queue "=" is reserved for jobs which are currently
running.
-m
Send mail to the user when the job has completed
even if
there was no output.
-f file
Reads the job from file rather
than standard input.
-v
Shows the time the job will be executed.
COMMAND NAME
bc - Provides an interpreter for arbitrary-precision arithmetic language.
AIX SYNTAX
bc [ -c ] [ -l ] [ File ... ]
LINUX SYNTAX
bc [ -lwsqv ] [long-options] [ file ... ]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-w
Give warnings for extensions to POSIX bc.
-s
Process exactly the POSIX bc language.
-q
Do not print the normal GNU bc welcome.
-v
Print the version number and copyright and quit.
--mathlib
Define the standard math library.
--warn
Give warnings for extensions to POSIX bc.
--standard
Process exactly the POSIX bc language.
--quiet
Do not print the normal GNU bc welcome.
--version
Print the version number and copyright and quit.
COMMAND NAME
bsh - Invokes the Bourne shell.
AIX SYNTAX
bsh [ -i ] [ -r ] [ { + | - } {
[ a ] [ e ] [ f ] [ h
] [ k ] [ n ] [ t
]
[ u ] [ v ] [ x ] } ] [
-c String | -s | File [ Parameter ] ]
LINUX SYNTAX
bsh [ -efIijnsxz ] [ +efIijnsxz ] [ -c command ] [ arg ]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX :
-I
Cause the shell to ignore end of file conditions. (This doesn't
apply when
the shell a script sourced using
the ``.'' command.) The shell will in
fact exit if it gets 50 eof's in a row.
-j
Turns on Berkeley job control, on systems that
support it. When the
shell starts up, the -j is set by default if the -i flag is set.
COMMAND NAME
crontab - Submits, edits, lists, or removes cron jobs.
AIX SYNTAX
crontab [ -e [UserName] | -l [UserName] | -r [UserName] | -v [UserName] | File ]
LINUX SYNTAX
crontab [ -u user ] file crontab [ -u user] { -l | -r | -e }
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-u user
It specifies the name of the user whose crontab is to be tweaked.
COMMAND NAME
ctags - Makes a file of tags to help locate objects in source files.
AIX SYNTAX
ctags [ -u | -x ] [-B | -F ] [ -a ] [ -m ] [ -o ] [ -t ] [ -v ] [ -w ] [ -f TagsFile ] File. . .
LINUX SYNTAX
ctags [options] [file(s)]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-e
Output a tag file for use with Emacs. If this Progam is executed
by
the name etags, this option is enabled by default.
-h list
Specifies a list of file extensions, separated by periods, which
are to
be interpreted as include, or header files. This option affects how
the
scoping of tag types is interpreted (i.e. whether or not they
are
considered as globally visible or visible only within the file
in which
they are defined). Any tag type which is located in a
non-include file
and cannot be seen (e.g. linked to) from another file is
considered to
have file-limited (e.g. static) scope.
No tag type appearing in an include file will be considered to
have
file-limited scope.
If the first character in the list is a plus sign, then the
extensions in the
list will be appended to the current list; otherwise, the list will
replace
the current list.
-i types
This option is similar to the --c-types option and is retained
for
compatibility with earlier versions. If types begins with the '='
character, it is equivalent to --c-types=types. Otherwise, it
is
equivalent to --c-types=+types. In addition, for backward
compatibility, the following two additional modifiers are
accepted:
F An alternative for the --file-tags option.
S An alternative for the --file-scope option.
-I tokenlist
Specifies a list of tokens which are to be specially handled
while parsing
C and C++ source files. This option is specifically provided to
handle
special cases arising through the use of preprocessor
macros. When the
tokens listed are simple tokens, these tokens will be ignored
during parsing
of the source files. If a token is suffixed with a '+'
character, ctags will also
ignore any parenthesis-enclosed argument list which may immediately
follow
the token in the source files. If two tokens are separated with the
'='
character, the first token is replaced by the second token for
parsing purposes.
The list of tokens may be supplied directly on the command line or
read in
from a separate file. If the first character of tokenlist is either a
'.' or a
pathname separator ('/' or '\'), the parameter tokenlist will be
interpreted as
a filename from which to read a list of white-space delimited
tokens
(use "./filename" to specify a file found in the current
directory).
Otherwise, tokenlist is a list of tokens (or token pairs) to be
sepecially
handled, each delimited by a either a comma or by white space (in
which
case the list should be quoted to keep the entire list as one
command
line argument). Multiple -I options may be supplied.
-L file
Read from file a list of file names for which tags should be
generated.
If file is specified as "-", then file names are read from standard
input.
-n
Equivalent to --excmd=number.
-N
Equivalent to --excmd=pattern.
-o tagfile
Equivalent to -f tagfile.
-p path
Use path as the default directory for each supplied source file
(whether
supplied on the command line or in a file specified with the -L
option),
unless the source file is already specified as an absolute
path. The
supplied path is merely prepended to the each non-absolute
source file
name, adding any necessary path separator.
-R
Equivalent to --recurse=yes.
-u
Equivalent to --sort=no (i.e. "unsorted").
-V
Enable verbose mode. This prints out a brief message describing
what
action is being taken for each file considered by ctags
COMMAND NAME
ed - Edits text by line.
AIX SYNTAX
ed [-p String] [-s | -] [File]
LINUX SYNTAX
ed [-] [-Gs] [-p string] [file]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-G
Forces backwards compatibility. Affects the commands `G',
`V', `f', `l', `m', `t', and `!!'.
COMMAND NAME
halt - Stops the processor.
AIX SYNTAX
{ halt | fasthalt } [ -l ] [ -n ] [ -p ] [ -q ] [ -y ]
LINUX SYNTAX
/sbin/halt [-n] [-w] [-d] [-f] [-i] [-p]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
In AIX
-p
Halts the system without a power down.
Note: The -p flag will have no effect if used in combination
with
flags not requiring a permanent halt. Power will still be turned
off if other operands request a delayed poweron and reboot
In Linux
-p When halting the system, do a
poweroff. This is the
default when halt is called as poweroff.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-w
Don't actually reboot or halt but only write
the
wtmp record (in the /var/log/wtmp file).
-d
Don't write the wtmp record.
Note: This functionality is provide by -l option in
AIX.
-f
Force halt or reboot, don't call shutdown(8).
-i
Shut down all network interfaces just before halt
or reboot.
COMMAND NAME
help - Provides information for new users.
AIX SYNTAX
help
LINUX SYNTAX
help [ pattern ]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
In AIX
The help command presents a one-page display of information for new
users.
Information is available for the following topics:
Concatenating or displaying files.
Editing lines interactively.
Sending and receiving mail.
Reading system messages.
Changing password file information.
Identifying current users of the system.
Sending messages to the other users on the system.
Displaying the contents of directories.
Viewing information on the Source Code Control System.
Setting terminal modes.
In Linux
Without any option the help command displays helpful information
about builtin
commands.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
help [pattern]
If pattern is specified,help gives detailed help on all
commands matching pattern;
otherwise a list of the builtins is printed. The return status
is 0 unless no command
matches pattern.
COMMAND NAME
init - Initializes and controls processes.
AIX SYNTAX
{ telinit | init } { 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | a | b | c | Q | q | S | s | M | m | N }
LINUX SYNTAX
init [ 0123456Ss ]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-b, emergency
Boot directly into a single user shell without running
any other startup
scripts.
COMMAND NAME
jobs - Displays status of jobs in the current session.
AIX SYNTAX
jobs [ -l | -n | -p ] [ JobID ... ]
LINUX SYNTAX :
jobs [-lnp] [ jobspec ... ]
jobs -x command [ args ... ]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-x command [args ]
if -x option is supplied, jobs replaces any jobspec found in command
or args
with the corresponding process group ID, and executes command passing
it
args, returned its exit status.
COMMAND NAME
join - Joins the data fields of two files.
AIX SYNTAX
join [ -a FileNumber | -v FileNumber ] [ -e String ]
[ -o List ] [ -t Character ]
[-1 Field ] [ -2 Field ] File1 File2
LINUX SYNTAX
join [OPTION]... FILE1 FILE2
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX :
--help
Display this help and exit
--version
Output version information and exit
COMMAND NAME
kill - Sends a signal to running processes.
AIX SYNTAX
To Send Signal to Processes
kill [ -s { SignalName | SignalNumber } ] ProcessID ...
kill [ - SignalName | - SignalNumber ] ProcessID ...
To List Signal Names
kill -l [ ExitStatus ]
LINUX SYNTAX
kill [ -s signal | -p ] [ -a ] pid ...
kill -l [ signal ]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-p
Specify that kill should only print the process id
(pid) of
the named process and should not send it a signal.
COMMAND NAME
killall - Cancels all processes except the calling process.
AIX SYNTAX
killall [ - ] [ -Signal ]
LINUX SYNTAX
killall [-egiqvw] [-signal] name ...
killall -l
killall -V
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-e
Require an exact match for very long names. If
a command
name is longer than 15 characters, the full name may
be unavailable (i.e. it is swapped out). In this case,
killall will
kill everything that matches within
the first 15 characters.
With -e, such entries are skipped. killall prints a message
for
each skipped entry if -v is specified in addition to -e,
-g
Kill the process group to which
the process belongs.
The kill signal is only sent once per
group, even if multiple
processes belonging to the same process group were found.
-i
Interactively ask for confirmation before killing.
-l
List all known signal names.
-q
Do not complain of no processes were killed.
-v
Report if the signal was successfully sent.
-V
Display version information.
-w
Wait for all killed processes to
die. killall checks once per
second if any of the killed processes still exist and only
returns
if none are left. Note that
killall may wait forever if the signal
was ignored, had no effect, or if the process
stays in zombie state.
COMMAND NAME
ksh - Invokes the Korn shell.
AIX SYNTAX
ksh [ -i ] [ { + | - } { a e f h k m n t u v x }
] [ -o Option ... ]
[ -c String | -s | -r | File [ Parameter ] ]
Note: Preceding a flag with + (plus) rather than - (minus) turns
off
the flag.
LINUX SYNTAX
ksh [±abCefhikmnprsuvxX] [±o option]
[ [ -c command-string
[command-name] | -s | file ] [argument ...]
]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-l
if the -l option is used, the shell is assumed to be a login shell
and the shell reads and
executes the contents of /etc/profile and
$HOME/.profile if they exist and are readable.
-b notify
Print job notification messages
asynchronously, instead of just before the
prompt.
Only used if job control is enabled.
-c noclobber
This facility is provided by -o noclobber in AIX.
-p privileged
This facility is provided by -o privileged in AIX.
-X markdirs
bgnice
emacs
gmacs
ignoreeof
nolog
posix
vi
viraw
All the above facilities provided with -X option is provided by -o option in AIX.
-X braceexpand
Enable brace expansion (aka, alternation).
-X nohup
Do not kill running jobs with a HUP signal
when a login shell exists. Currently set
by default, but this will change
in the future to be compatible with the
original
Korn shell (which doesn't have this option, but does send the HUP
signal).
-X physical
Causes the cd and pwd command to use `physical' (i.e., the
filesystem's) .. directories
instead of 'logical'directo ries (i.e., the shell
handles.., which allows the user to be
obliveous of symlink links to
directories). Clear by default.
Note that setting this
option does not effect the current value of
the PWD parameter; only the cd command
changes PWD. See the cd and pwd commands
above for more details.
vi-esccomplete
In vi command line editing, do command / file name completion when
escape (^[) is entered
in command mode.
vi-show8
Prefix characters with the eighth bit
set with `M-'. If this option is not set,
characters in
the range 128-160 are printed as is, which maycause
problems.
vi-tabcomplete
In vi command line editing, do command / file name completion
when tab (^I) is entered in
insert mode.
COMMAND NAME
lex - Generates a C Language program that matches patterns for
simple lexical
analysis of an input stream.
AIX SYNTAX
lex [ -C ] [ -t ] [ -v| -n ] [ File... ]
LINUX SYNTAX
flex [-bcdfhilnpstvwBFILTV78+? -C[aefFmr] -ooutput
-Pprefix
-Sskeleton] [--help --version] [filename ...]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
In AIX
-n
Suppresses the statistics summary. When you set your own table
sizes for the finite state machine, the lex command automatically
produces this summary if you do not select this flag.
-C
Produces the lex.yy.C file instead of lex.yy.c for use with a C++
compiler.
To get the I/O Stream Library, use the macro, _CPP_IOSTREAMS,as
well.
In Linux
-n
is another do-nothing, deprecated option included only
for POSIX
compliance.
-C controls the degree of table compression and,
more generally,
trade-offs between small scanners and fast scanners.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-b
Generate backing-up information to
lex.backup.
This is a list of scanner states which
require backing up and the input
characters on which they do so.By adding rules one can
remove backing-up
states. If all backing-up states are eliminated
and -Cf or -CF is used, the
generated scanner will run faster (see the -p flag). Only users
who wish to
squeeze every last cycle out of their scanners need worry about
this option.
(See the section on Performance Considerations
below.)
-c
is a do-nothing, deprecated option included
for POSIX compliance.
-d
makes the generated scanner run in
debug mode.
Whenever a pattern is recognized and the
global yy_flex_debug is non-zero
(which is the default), the scanner will
write to stderr a line of the form:
--accepting rule at line 53 ("the matched text") The line number
refers to the
location of the rule in the file defining the
scanner (i.e., the file that was
fed to flex). Messages are also generated when the
scanner backs up,
accepts the default rule, reaches the end of
its input buffer (or encounters
a NUL; at this point, the two look the same as far as the
scanner's concerned),
or reaches an end-of-file.
-f
specifies fast scanner. No table compression
is done and stdio is bypassed.
The result is large but fast. This
option is equivalent to -Cfr (see below).
-h
generates a "help" summary of flex's options
to stdout and then exits. -?
and --help are synonyms for -h.
-i
instructs flex to generate a case-insensitive scanner.
The case of letters given
in the flex input patterns will be ignored, and tokens in
the input will be
matched regardless of case. The matched text given in
yytext will have the
preserved case (i.e., it will not be folded).
-l
turns on maximum compatibility with the original
AT&T lex implementation.
Note that this does not mean full
compatibility. Use of this option costs a
considerable amount of performance, and it cannot be used
with the
-+, -f, -F, -Cf, or -CF options. For details on the compatibilities
it provides, see
the section "Incompatibilities With Lex And POSIX" below.
This option also
results in the name YY_FLEX_LEX_COMPAT being #define'd in
the
generated scanner.
-p
generates a performance report to
stderr. The report consists of comments
regarding features of the flex input file which will
cause a serious loss of
performance in the resulting scanner. If you
give the flag twice, you will
also get comments regarding features that lead to minor
performance losses. Note that the use of REJECT, %option
yylineno, and
variable trailing context (see the Deficiencies /Bugs
section below) entails a
substantial performance penalty; use of yymore(), the ^ operator, and
the -I
flag entail minor performance penalties.
-s
causes the default rule (that unmatched
scanner input is echoed to stdout) to
be suppressed. If the scanner encounters
input that does not match any of
its rules, it aborts with an error. This option is
useful for finding holes in a
scanner's rule set.
-w
suppresses warning messages.
-B
instructs flex to generate a batch scanner,
the opposite of interactive scanners
generated by -I (see below). In
general, you use -B when you are certain that
your scanner will never be used interactively, and
you want to squeeze a little
more performance out of it. If your goal is instead to
squeeze out a lot
more performance, you should be using the -Cf or
-CF options (discussed
below), which turn on -B automatically anyway.
-F specifies that the fast scanner table
representation should be used (and stdio
bypassed).
This representation is about as fast as the full
table representation (-f), and
for some sets of patterns will be
considerably smaller (and for others,
larger).
In general, if the pattern set contains both "keywords" and a
catch-all, "identifier"
rule, such as in the set:
"case" return TOK_CASE;
"switch" return TOK_SWITCH;
...
"default" return TOK_DEFAULT;
[a-z]+ return TOK_ID;
then you're better off using the full table
representation. If only the "identifier"
rule is resent and you then use a hash table or some such to
detect the keywords,
you're better off using -F.
This option is equivalent to -CFr (see below). It cannot
be used with -+.
-I
instructs flex to generate an interactive scanner. An
interactive scanner is one that
only looks ahead to decide what token has been matched if
it absolutely must.
It turns out that always looking one extra character ahead,
even if the scanner
has already seen enough text to disambiguate the
current token, is a bit faster
than only looking ahead when necessary. But scanners that
always look ahead
give dreadful interactive performance; for
example, when a user types a
newline, it is not recognized as a newline token
until they enter another token,
which often means typing in another whole line.
Flex scanners default to interactive unless you use the
-Cf or -CF
table-compression options (see below). That's because if
you're looking for high
performance you should be using one
of these options, so if you didn't,
flex assumes you'd rather trade off a bit of run-time
performance for intuitive
interactive behavior. Note also that you cannot use
-I in conjunction with -Cf or
-CF. Thus, this option is not really needed; it is on by default for
all those cases in
which it is allowed.
You can force a scanner to not be interactive by using -B (see above).
-L
instructs flex not to generate #line directives.
Without this option, flex peppers
the generated scanner with #line directives so error messages in the
actions will be
correctly located with respect
to either the original flex input file (if the
errors are due to code in the input
file),
or lex.yy.c (if the errors are flex's fault -- you
should report these sorts of errors to
the email address given below).
-T
makes flex run in trace mode. It will generate a
lot of messages to stderr concerning
the form of the input and the resultant
non-deterministic and deterministic
finite automata. This option is mostly for use in
maintaining flex.
-V
prints the version number to stdout and
exits. --version is a synonym for -V.
-7
instructs flex to generate a 7-bit scanner, i.e.,
one which can only recognized 7-bit
characters in its input. The advantage of using -7 is
that the scanner's tables can
be up to half the size of those generated using the
-8 option (see below).
The disadvantage is that such scanners often hang or
crash if their input contains
an 8-bit character.
Note, however, that unless you generate your scanner
using the -Cf or -CF table
compression options, use of -7 will save only a
small amount of table space,
and make your scanner
considerably less portable. Flex's default behavior is to
generate an 8-bit scanner
unless you use the -Cf or -CF, in which case flex
defaults to generating 7-bit
scanners unless your site was always configured to generate
8-bit scanners (as will
often be the case with non-USA sites). You can
tell whether flex generated a 7-bit
or an 8-bit scanner by inspecting the flag summary in the
-v output as described
above.
Note that if you use -Cfe or -CFe (those table compression
options, but also
using equivalence classes as discussed
see below), flex still defaults to
generating an 8-bit scanner, since usually with
these compression options
full 8-bit tables are not much more
expensive than 7-bit tables.
-8
instructs flex to generate an 8-bit scanner, i.e., one which
can recognize 8-bit
characters. This flag is
only needed for scanners generated using -Cf or -CF, as
otherwise flex defaults
to generating an 8-bit scanner anyway.
See the discussion of -7 above for flex's default
behavior and the tradeoffs between
7-bit and 8-bit scanners.
-+
specifies that you want flex to
generate a C++ scanner class. See the section on
Generating C++ Scanners below for details.
-C[aefFmr]
-Ca
("align") instructs flex to trade off larger tables in
the generated scanner for faster
Performance because the elements of the tables are better aligned
for
memory access and computation.On some RISC architectures,
fetching
and manipulating longwords is more efficient than
with smaller-sized units
such as shortwords. This option can double the size of
the
tables used by your scanner.
-Ce
directs flex to construct equivalence classes, i.e., sets of
characters which
have identical lexical properties (for example, if the only
appearance of digits
in the flex input is in the character class
"[0-9]" then the digits '0', '1', ...,
'9' will all be put in the same equivalence
class). Equivalence classes
usually give dramatic reductions in the final
table/object file sizes
(typically a factor of 2-5) and are pretty cheap
performance-wise (one array
look-up per character scanned).
-Cf specifies that the full scanner tables
should be generated - flex
should not compress the tables by taking advantages of
similar transition
functions for different states.
-CF
specifies that the alternate fast scanner representation (described
above under
the -F flag) should be used. This
option cannot be used with -+.
-Cm
directs flex to construct meta-equivalence
classes, which are sets of
equivalence classes (or characters, if equivalence classes
are not being used)
that are commonly used together. Meta-equivalence classes are often a
big
win when using compressed tables, but they
have a moderate
performance impact (one or two "if" tests and one array
look-up per
character scanned).
-Cr
causes the generated scanner to bypass use of the
standard I/O library (stdio)
for input.Instead of calling fread() or
getc(), the scanner will use the
read() system call, resulting in a
performance gain which varies from system
to system, but in general is probably negligible unless
you are also using -Cf
or -CF. Using -Cr can cause strange behavior if,
for example, you read
from yyin using stdio prior to
calling the scanner (because the scanner will
miss whatever text your previous reads left in the stdio input
buffer).
-Cr
has no effect if you define YY_INPUT (see The Generated Scanner
above).
A lone -C specifies that the scanner tables should be
compressed but
neither equivalence classes nor meta-equivalence classes should be
used.
The options -Cf or -CF and -Cm do not make sense
together - there is no
opportunity for meta-equivalence classes if the table is not
being compressed. Otherwise the options may be freely mixed,
and are
cumulative.
The default setting is -Cem, which specifies that
flex should generate
equivalence classes and meta-equivalence classes.
This setting provides
the highest degree of table compression. You can trade off
faster-executing
scanners at the cost of larger tables with the following generally
being true:
slowest & smallest
-Cem
-Cm
-Ce
-C
-C{f,F}e
-C{f,F}
-C{f,F}a
fastest & largest
Note that scanners with the smallest tables
are usually generated and compiled
the quickest, so during development you will usually want to
use the default,
maximal compression.
-Cfe
is often a good compromise between speed and size for
production scanners.
-ooutput
directs flex to write the scanner to the file output instead of
lex.yy.c. If you
combine -o with the -t option, then the scanner is
written to stdout but its
#line directives (see the -L option above) refer to
the file output.
-Pprefix
changes the default yy prefix used by flex for all
globally-visible variable and
function names to instead be prefix. For example,
-Pfoo changes the name
of yytext to footext. It also changes the
name of the default output file from
lex.yy.c to lex.foo.c. Here are all of the names affected:
yy_create_buffer
yy_delete_buffer
yy_flex_debug
yy_init_buffer
yy_flush_buffer
yy_load_buffer_state
yy_switch_to_buffer
yyin
yyleng
yylex
yylineno
yyout
yyrestart
yytext
yywrap
(If you are using a C++ scanner, then only yywrap and
yyFlexLexer are
affected.) Within your scanner itself, you can still refer to the
global variables
and functions using either version of their name; but
externally, they have the
modified name.
This option lets you easily link together multiple
flex programs into the same
executable. Note, though, that using this
option also renames yywrap(),
so you now must either provide your own (appropriately-named)
version of
the routine for your scanner, or use
%option noyywrap, as linking with -lfl
no longer provides one for you
by default.
-Sskeleton_file
overrides the default skeleton file from which flex constructs its
scanners. You'll
never need this option unless you are
doing flex maintenance or development.
COMMAND NAME
ln - Links files.
AIX SYNTAX
To Link a File to a File
ln [ -f ] [ -s ] SourceFile [ TargetFile
]
To
Link a File or Files to a Directory
ln [ -f ] [ -s ] SourceFile ... TargetDirectory
LINUX SYNTAX
ln [OPTION] . . . TARGET [LINK NAME]
ln
[OPTION] . . . TARGET . . . DIRECTORY
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-b, --backup
Make a backup of each existing destination file
-d, -F, --directory
Hard link directories (super-user only)
-n, --no-dereference
Treat destination that is a symlink to a directory as if it
were a normal file
-i, --interactive
Prompt whether to remove destinations
-S, --suffix=SUFFIX
Override the usual backup suffix
-v, --verbose
Print name of each file before linking
-V, --version-control=WORD
Override the usual version control
--help
display the man pages for this command and exit
--version
output version information and exit
COMMAND NAME
ls - Displays the contents of a directory.
AIX SYNTAX
ls [ -1 ] [ -A ] [ -C ] [ -F ] [
-L ] [ -N ] [ -R ] [ -a ] [ -b ]
[ -c ] [ -d ]
[ -e ] [ -f ] [ -g ] [ -i ] [ -l
] [-m ] [ -n ] [ -o ] [ -p ]
[ -q ] [-r ] [ -s ] [ -t ]
[ -u ] [ -x ] [ File ... ]
LINUX SYNTAX
ls [OPTION] . . . [FILE] . . .
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX :
--block-size=SIZE
Use SIZE-byte blocks
-B, --ignore-backups
Do not list implied entries ending with ~
--color[=WHEN]
Control whether color is used to distinguish file
types.
WHEN may be `never', `always', or `auto'
-D, --dired
Generate output designed for Emacs' dired mode
--format=WORD
Across -x, commas -m, horizontal -x, long -l, single-column -1,
verbose -l,
vertical -C
--full-time
List both full date and full time
-G, --no-group
Inhibit display of group information
-h, --human-readable
Print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)
-H, --si
Likewise, but use powers of 1000 not 1024
--indicator-style=WORD
Append indicator with style WORD to entry names:
none (default),
classify (-F), file-type (-p)
-I, --ignore=PATTERN
Do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN
-k, --kilobytes
Like --block-size=1024
-Q, --quote-name
Enclose entry names in double quotes
--quoting-style=WORD
Use quoting style WORD for entry names: literal
shell, shell-always, c, escape
-S
Sort by file size
--sort=WORD
Extension -X, none -U, size -S, time -t, version -v status -c, time
-t, atime -u,
access -u, use -u
--time=WORD
Show time as WORD instead of modification
time: atime, access, use,
ctime or status; use specified time as sort key if --sort=time
-T, --tabsize=COLS
Assume tab stops at each COLS instead of 8
-U
Do not sort; list entries in directory order
-v
Sort by version
-w, --width=COLS
Assume screen width instead of current value
-x
List entries by lines instead of by columns
-X
Sort alphabetically by entry extension
--help
display the man pages for this command and exit
--version
output version information and exit
COMMAND NAME
make - Maintains up-to-date versions of programs.
AIX SYNTAX
make [ -DVariable ] [ -d Option] ] [ -e ]
[ -i ] [ -k ]
[ -n ] [ -p ] [ -q ] [ -r ] [ -S
] [ -s ] [ -t ] [ -f MakeFile ... ] [
Target ... ]
LINUX SYNTAX
make [ -f makefile ] [ option ] ... target ...
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-C dir
Change to directory dir before reading the makefiles or doing
anything else.
If multiple
-C options are specified, each is interpreted relative to the
previous one: -C / -C
etc is equivalent to -C /etc. This is typically
used with recursive invocations
of make.
-I dir
Specifies a directory dir to search for
included makefiles. If several -I
options are used to specify several directories, the
directories are searched
in the order specified. Unlike the arguments to
other flags of make,
directories given with -I flags may come directly after the flag:
-Idir is
allowed, as well as -I dir. This syntax is
allowed for compatibility with
the C preprocessor's -I flag.
-j jobs
Specifies the number of jobs (commands) to run
simultaneously. If there
is more than one -j option, the last one is effective. If
the -j option is
given without an argument, make will not limit the number
of jobs that
can run simultaneously.
-l load
Specifies that no new jobs
(commands) should be started if there are
others jobs running and the load average is at least load
(a floating-point
number). With no argument, removes a previous load limit.
-o file
Do not remake the file file even if it is older than its
dependencies, and
do not remake anything on account of changes in
file. Essentially the file
is treated as very old and its rules ignored.
-v
Print the version of the
make program plus a copyright, a list of
authors
and a notice that there is no warranty. After
this information is printed,
processing continues normally. To get this
information without doing
anything else, use make -v -f/dev/null.
-w
Print a message containing the working
directory before and after other
processing. This may be useful for tracking down errors from
complicated
nests of recursive make commands.
-W file
Pretend that the target file has just been modified. When used
with the -n flag,
this shows you what would happen if you were to modify that
file. Without -n,
it is almost the same as running a touch command on the
given file before
running make, except that the modification time is changed only in
the imagination
of make.
COMMAND NAME
man - Displays manual entries online.
AIX SYNTAX
man [ [ [ -c ] [ -t ] [ Section ] ] | [ -k | -f ] ] [ -MPath ] [ -r ] Title ...
LINUX SYNTAX
man [-acdfFhkKtwW] [-m
system] [-p string] [-C
config_file]
[-M path] [-P pager] [-S section_list]
[section] name ...
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-C config_file
Specify the man.conf file to use; the default is
/etc/man.config. (See man.conf(5).)
-P pager
Specify which pager to use. This option overrides the
MANPAGER environment
variable, which in turn overrides the PAGER
variable. By default, man
uses /usr/bin/less-is.
-S section_list
List is a colon separated list of manual sections to
search. This option overrides
the MANSECT environment variable.
-a
By default, man will exit after
displaying the first manual page it
finds.
Using this option forces man to display all the
manual pages that match name,
not just the first.
-d
Don't actually display the man pages, but do print gobs of
debugging information.
-D
Both display and print debugging info.
-F or --preformat
Format only - do not display.
-h
Print a one-line help message and exit.
-K
Search for the specified string in *all* man pages.
Warning: this is probably very slow! It helps to
specify a section. (Just to
give a rough idea, on my machine this
takes about a minute per 500 man pages.)
-m system
Specify an alternate set of man pages to
search based on the system name given.
-p string
Specify the sequence of preprocessors to run before nroff or
troff. Not all
installations will have a full set of preprocessors. Some
of the preprocessors
and the letters used to designate them are:
eqn (e), grap (g), pic (p), tbl (t), vgrind (v),
refer (r). This option overrides
the MANROFFSEQ environment variable.
-w or --path
Don't actually display the man pages, but do print the
location(s) of the files
that would be formatted or displayed. If no argument is given:
display(on stdout)
the list of directories that is
searched by man for man pages. If manpath is a
link to man, then "manpath" is
equivalent to "man
--path".
-W
Like -w, but print file names one per line, without additional
information.
This is useful in shell commands like man -aW man | xargs
l
COMMAND NAME
nice - Runs a command at a lower or higher priority.
AIX SYNTAX
nice [ - Increment| -n Increment ] Command [ Argument ... ]
LINUX SYNTAX
nice [OPTION]... [COMMAND [ARG]...]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
--help
Display this help and exit
--version
Output version information and exit
COMMAND NAME
nohup - Runs a command without hangups.
AIX SYNTAX
nohup Command [ Arg ... ] [ & ]
LINUX SYNTAX
nohup COMMAND [ARG]...
nohup OPTION
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
--help
Display this help and exit
--version
Output version information and exit
COMMAND NAME
date - Displays or sets the date or time.
AIX SYNTAX
To Set the Date and Time as Root User
/usr/bin/date [ -n ] [ -u ] [ Date ] [
+FieldDescriptor ... ]
To Display the Date and Time
/usr/bin/date [ -u ] [ +FieldDescriptor ... ]
LINUX SYNTAX
date [OPTION]... [+FORMAT] date [OPTION] [MMDDhhmm[[CC]YY][.ss]]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such field
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
The following output format controls are not available in AIX
%k hour ( 0..23)
%l hour ( 1..12)
%s seconds since 00:00:00, Jan 1, 1970 (a GNU extension)
%z RFC-822 style numeric timezone (-0500) (a nonstandard
extension)
OPTIONS
-d, --date=STRING
display time described by STRING, not `now'
-f, --file=DATEFILE
like --date once for each line of DATEFILE
-I, --iso-8601[=TIMESPEC]
output an ISO-8601 compliant date/time string.
-r, --reference=FILE
display the last modification time of FILE
-R, --rfc-822
output RFC-822 compliant date string
-s, --set=STRING
set time described by STRING
--help
display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit
COMMAND NAME
gprof - Displays call graph profile data.
AIX SYNTAX
/usr/ucb/gprof [ -b ] [ -e Name ] [ -E Name ]
[ -f Name ] [ -F Name] [ -L PathName ]
[ -s ][ -z ]
[ a.out [ gmon.out ... ] ]
LINUX SYNTAX
gprof [ -abcsz ] [ -e|-E name ] [ -f|-F name ] [ -k from&endash;name toname ] [ objfile [ gmon.out ] ]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such option
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-a
suppresses the printing of statically declared functions. If
this option is given, all relevant information about the
static function (e.g., time samples, calls to other functions,
calls from other functions) belongs to the function loaded
just before the static function in the `objfile' file.
- c
the static call graph of the program is discovered by a
heuristic that examines the text space of the object file.
Static-only parents or children are shown with call counts
of 0.
-k fromname toname
will delete any arcs from routine from
name to routine to name.This can be used to break undesired
cycles.More than one -k option may be given.Only one pair
of routine names may be given with each -k option.
-v
prints the version number for gprof, and then exits.
COMMAND NAME
last - Displays information about previous logins.
AIX SYNTAX
last [ -f FileName ] [ -Number ] [ Name ... ] [ Terminal ... ]
LINUX SYNTAX
last [-R] [-num] [ -n num ] [-adiox]
[ -f file ] [name...] [tty...]
lastb [-R] [-num] [ -n num ] [ -f file
] [-adiox] [name...][tty...]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flag
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-R
Suppresses the display of the hostname field.
-a
Display the hostname in the last column. Useful in
combination with the next flag.
-d
For non-local logins, Linux stores not only the host name
of the remote host but its IP number s well. This option
translates the IP number back into a hostname.
-i
This option is like -d in that it displays the IP number of
the remote host, but it displays the IP number in
numbers-and-dots notation.
-o
Read an old-type wtmp file (written by linux-libc5
applications).
-x
Display the system shutdown entries and run level
changes.
COMMAND NAME
lastcomm - Displays information about the last commands executed.
AIX SYNTAX
lastcomm [ Command ] [ Name ] [ Terminal ]
LINUX SYNTAX
lastcomm [ command-name ... ] [ user-name ...
] [ terminal-name ... ]
[ --strict-match ] [ -f filename | --file filename
][ --user name ]
[ --command name ] [ --tty name ] [ --debug
] [ -V | --version ]
[ -h | --help ]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such option
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
--strict-match
Print only entries that match *all* of the
arguments
on the command line.
--user name
List records for user with name. This is useful if
you're trying to match a username that happens to
be the same as a command (e.g.,ed ).
--command name
List records for command name
--tty name
List records for tty name.
-f filename, file filename
Read from the file filename instead of /var/log/pacct
--debug
Print verbose internal information.
-V,--version
Print the version number of lastcomm.
-h,--help
Prints the usage string
COMMAND NAME
egrep
- Searches a file for a pattern.
fgrep - Searches a file for a
literal string.
grep - Searches a file for a pattern
AIX SYNTAX
grep [ -E | -F ] [ -i ] [ -h ] [ -s ]
[ -v ] [ -w ] [ -x ] [ -y ]
[ [ [ -b ] [ -n ] ] | [ -c | -l |-q
] ][ -p [Separator ] ]
{ [ -e PatternList ... ] [ -f PatternFile ... ] |
PatternList ... } [ File ... ]
egrep [ -h ] [ -i ] [ -p[ Separator ]
] [ -s ] [ -v ]
[ -w ] [ -x ] [ -y ] [ [ -b ]
[ -n ] | [ -c | -l |-q ]]
{ { -ePattern | -fStringFile } ... | Pattern } [ File ...
]
fgrep [-h] [-i] [-s] [-v] [ -w
] [-x] [ -y ] [ [-b] [-n] |
[-c | -l | -q ] ]
[-pSeparator] {Pattern |-ePattern | -fStringFile}
[File...]
LINUX SYNTAX
grep [-[AB] NUM] [-CEFGVabchiLlnqrsvwxyUu]
[-e PATTERN
| -f FILE] [-d ACTION] [--directories=ACTION]
[--extended-regexp][--fixed-strings][--basic-regexp]
[--regexp=PATTERN][--file=FILE][--ignore-case]
[--word-regexp] [--line-regexp]
[--line-regexp]
[--no-messages] [--revert-match]
[--version]
[--help][--byte-offset] [--line-number]
[--with-filename][--no-filename] [--quiet]
[--silent]
[--text][--files-without-match][--files-with-matcces]
[--count] [--before-context=NUM]
[--after-context=NUM] [--context]
[--binary] [--unix-byte-offsets]
[--recursive] files...
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flag
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-A NUM , --after-context=num
print num lines of trailing context after matching lines
-B NUM, --before-context=num
print num lines of leading context after matching lines
-C, --context"[=NUM]"
print num lines (default 2) of output context.
-NUM
same as --context=NUM lines of leading and trailing context.
-V, --version
print version number to standard error. This version number
should
be included in all bug reports.
-d ACTION, --directories=ACTION
if the input file is a directory use ACTION to process it .By
default
ACTION is read which means directories are read just as if they
are
ordinary files.If ACTION is skip directories are silently
skipped.If
ACTION is recurse all files under directory is read recursively .
- L, --files-without-match
Suppress normal output; instead print the name of each input file
from which no output would normally have been printed.The
scanning will stop on the first match.
-r, --recursive
read all files under each directory recursively.
-a, --text
donot suppress output lines that contain binary data.
Normally if
the first few bytes of a file indicate that the file contain binary
data,
then a message saying file matches pattern is outputted.
-U, --binary
treats the file(s) as binary.By default under MS-DOS and
MS-WINDOWS,
grep guesses the file type by looking at the first 32KB read from the
file.If
grep desides the file is a text file it strips the CR character
from the origina
file contents. Specifying -U overrules this guesswork, causing
all files to be
read and passed to the matching mechanism verbatin. If
the file is a text file
with CR/LF pair s at the end of each line , this will cause
some regular
expressions to fail.This option is only supported in MS-DOS and
MS-Windows.
-u, --unix-byte-offset
Report unix style byte offset. This swith causes egrep to
report byte offsets
as if the file were UNIX style text file , ie with CR character
stripped off.
This will produce results identical to running egrep on Unix
machine.This
option has no effect until -b option is also used.
COMMAND NAME
find - Finds files with a matching expression.
AIX SYNTAX
find Path ... [ Expression ]
LINUX SYNTAX
find [path...] [expression]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flag
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-daystart
Measures time (for -amin, -atime, -cmin, -ctime, -mmin amd
-mtime)
from the beginning of today rather than from 24 hours ago.
-follow
Dereference symbolic links, implies -noleaf.
-help, --help
Print a summary of the command-line usage of find and exit.
-maxdepth levels
Descend at most levels(a non negative integer) levels of directories
below the
command line arguments.'maxdepth 0' means that only apply the test
and actions
to the command line arguments.
-mindepth levels
Donot apply any tests or actions at levels less then levels ( a non
negative
integer).'mindepth 1' means process all files accept the command
line
arguments.
-noleaf
Donot optimise by asuming that directories contain two fewer
subdirectories
then their hard link count.This option is needed when searching file
systems
that donot follow the unix directory link convention,such as
CD-ROM or
MS-DOS filesystems or AFS volume mount points.Each directory on a
normal
Unix filesystem has two hard links.Its name and its '.' entry linked
to that
directory. Addtionally its sub -directories each have '..'
entries linked to it.
When find is examining a directory,after it has stated 2 fewer
subdirectories
then the directories link count , it knows that the rest of the
entries in the directory
are nondirectories.If only the file names need to be examined there
is no need to
state them.This gives a significant increase in search speed.
-version,--version
Print the find version number and exit.
-amin n
File was last accessed n minutes ago.
-cmin n
File's status was last changed n minuts ago.
-cnewer file
File status was last changed more recently then file was
modified.
-empty
File is empty and is either a regular file or a directory.
-fstype type
File is on a filesystem of type type.
-gid n
File 's numeric group ID is n.
-ilname pattern
Like lname but match is case insensitive.
-iname pattern
Like name but match is case insensitive.
-ipath pattern
Like -path but the match is case insensitive.
-iregex pattern
Like -regex but the match is case insensitive.
-lname pattern
File is a symbolic link whose contents match shell pattern
pattern.
The metacharacters donot treat '/' or '.' specially.
-mmin n
File's data was last modified n minutes ago.
-mtime n
Files data was last modified n*24 hours ago.
-path pattern
File name matches shell pattern pattern .
- perm +mode
Any of the permission bits mode are set for the file .
-regex pattern
File matches regular expression name pattern
-used n
File was last accessed n days after its status was last
changed.
-xtype c
Same as -type unless the file is a symbolic link.
-printf format
True, Print format onn standard output..
-printf()
Print the full file name on standard output followed by null
character.
-fls file
Like ls but write to file like fprintf.
-fprint file
Write the full filename to file file.
-fprint()
like print() but write to file like fprint().
COMMAND NAME
head - Displays the first few lines or bytes of a file or files.
AIX SYNTAX
head [ -Count | -c Number | -n Number ] [ File ... ]
LINUX SYNTAX
head [OPTION]... [FILE]...
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flag
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-q, --quite,--silent
Never print headers giving filenames.
-v, --verbose
Always print headers giving filenames.
-help
Display this help and exit.
-version
Output version information and exit.
COMMAND NAME
look - Finds lines in a sorted file.
AIX SYNTAX
look [ -d ] [ -f ] String [ File ... ]
LINUX SYNTAX
look [-dfa ] [-t termchar ] string [file ]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flag
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-a
Use the alternate dictionary /usr/dict/web2
-t
Specify a string termination character ie only the characters
in string up to and including the first
occurance of termchar are compared.
COMMAND NAME
more - Displays continuous text one screen at a time on a display screen.
AIX SYNTAX
{ more | page } [ -c ] [ -d ] [ -e ] [ -i
] [ -l ] [ -N ] [ -s ] [ -u ]
[ -v ]
[ -z ] [ -n Number ] [ -pSubcommand ] [
-t Tagstring ] [ -W Option ]
[ -x Tabs ] [ File ... ]
LINUX SYNTAX
more [-dlfpcsu ] [-num ] [+/ pattern] [+ linenum] [file ... ]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
In AIX
-l
Pauses after detecting a page break in the input.
-p Subcommand
Starts the more command and specified subcommand for each File
operand. For example, more -p 50j text1 text2 displays the text1 file
at
the fiftieth line; then does the same for the text2 file when you
finish the
first. See "Subcommands" for descriptions of more subcommands.
In Linux
-l
more treats ^L as a special character and pauses after any line
containing form feed. -l option
prevents this behaviour.
-p
Donot scroll. Instead clear the whole screen and then display the
text.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-f
causes more to count logical rather then screen lines(long lines are
not folded).
+num
Start at line number num.
+/
Specifies a string that will be seaarched for before each file is
displayed.
COMMAND NAME
cpio - Copies files into and out of archive storage and directories.
AIX SYNTAX
cpio -o [ a ] [ c ] [ v ] [ B | C Value
] <FileName >Output
cpio -i [ b ] [ c ] [ d ] [ f ] [
m ] [ M ] [ r ] [ s ] [ t ] [
u ] [ v ]
[ S ] [ 6 ] [ B | C Value ] [ Pattern...
] <Input
cpio -p [ a ] [ d ] [ l ] [ m ] [ M ] [ u ] [ v ] Directory <FileName>
LINUX SYNTAX
cpio {-o|--create} [-0acvABLV] [-C bytes] [-H
format] [-M message]
[-O [[user@]host:]archive] [-F
[[user@]host:]archive]
[--file=[[user@]host:]archive]
[--format=format]
[--message=message] [--null]
[--reset-access-time] [--verbose]
[--dot] [--append] [--block-size=blocks]
[--dereference]
[--io-size=bytes] [--quiet] [--force-local]
[--help] [--version] <
name-list [> archive]
cpio {-i|--extract} [-bcdfmnrtsuvBSV] [-C bytes]
[-E file]
[-H format][-M message] [-R
[user][:.][group]]
[-I
[[user@]host:]archive][-F[[user@]host:]archive]
-file=[[user@]host:]archive][--make-directories]
[--nonmatching][--preserve-modification-time]
[--numeric-uid-gid] [--rename] [--list]
[--swap-bytes] [--swap]
[--dot] [--unconditional] [--verbose]
[--block-size=blocks]
[--swap-halfwords] [--io-size=bytes]
[--pattern-file=file]
[--format=format][--owner=[user][:.][group]]
[--no-preserve-owner] [--message=message]
[--force-local]
[--no-absolute-filenames] [--sparse]
[--only-verify-crc] [--quiet]
[--help] [--version] [pattern...][<
archive]
cpio {-p|--pass-through} [-0adlmuvLV] [-R
[user][:.][group]] [--null]
[--reset-access-time] [--make-directories]
[--link] [--quiet]
[--preserve-modification-time] [--unconditional]
[--verbose]
[--dot] [--dereference]
[--owner=[user][:.][group]]
[--no-preserve-owner] [--sparse] [--help]
[--version]
destination-directory < name-list
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
In AIX
M Retains previous file modification time even when
directories are copied.
B Performs block input and output using 512 bytes to a record.
In Linux
-M MESSAGE, --message=MESSAGE
Print MESSAGE when the end of a
volume of the backup media (such as
a tape or a floppy disk) is reached, to prompt the user to
insert a new volume.
If MESSAGE contains the string "%d", it is replaced by the
current volume
number (starting at 1)
-B Set the I/O block size to 5120 bytes. Initially the block size is 512 bytes.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-0,--null
In copy-out and copy-pass modes, read
a list of filenames terminated by
a null character instead of a newline, so that files
whose names contain
new&endash;lines can be archived.
-A, --append
Append to an existing archive. Only works in copy out mode.The
archive
must be a disk file specified with the -O or -F (--file)
option.
-L, --dereference
Dereference symbolic links (copy the files
that they point to instead of
copying the links).
-V --dot
Print a "." for each file processed.
-C IO-SIZE, --io-size=IO-SIZE
Set the I/O block size to IO-SIZE bytes.
-H FORMAT, --format=FORMAT
Use archive format FORMAT. The valid formats
arelisted below; the same
names are also recognized in all-caps. The default in
copy-in mode is to
automatically detect the archive format, and in copy-out
mode is "bin".
bin The obsolete binary format.
odc The old (POSIX.1) portable format.
newc The new (SVR4) portable format, which
sup&endash;
ports file systems having more than 65536 inodes.
crc The new (SVR4) portable format with a
check sum added.
tar The old tar format.
ustar The POSIX.1 tar format. Also recognizes GNU
tar archives, which
are similar but not identical. hpbin The obsolete
binary format used
by HPUX's cpio (which stores device
files differently). hpodc The
portable format used by HPUX's cpio
(which stores device files
differently).
-O archive
Archive filename to use instead of standard output. To use a
tape drive on
another machine as the archive, use
a filename that starts with `HOSTNAME:'.
The hostname can be preceded by a username and an `@' to access the
remote tape
drive as that user, if you have permission to do so (typically
an entry in that user's
`~/.rhosts' file).
--block-size=BLOCK-SIZE Set the I/O block size to BLOCK-SIZE * 512 bytes.
-E FILE, --pattern-file=FILE In copy-in mode, read
additional patterns specifying
filenames to extract or list from FILE. The
lines of FILE are treated as if they
had been nonoption arguments to cpio.
-F, --file=archive
Archive filename to use instead of standard input or
output. To use a
tape drive on another machine as the archive,
use a filename that starts
with `HOSTNAME:'. The hostname can be
preceded by a username and
an `@' to access the remote tape drive as that user, if you have
permission to
do so (typ&endash;ically an entry in that user's `~/.rhosts'
file).
--force-local
With -F, -I, or -O, take the archive file name to be a
local file even if it
contains a colon, which would ordinarily indicate a remote host
name.
-i, --extract
Run in copy-in mode.
-I archive
Archive filename to use instead of standard input. To use
a tape drive on
another machine as the archive, use
a filename that starts with `HOST NAME:'.
The hostname can be preceded by a username and an `@' to
access the remote
tape drive as that user, if you have permission to do so
(typically an entry in that
user's `~/.rhosts' file).
-k
Ignored; for compatibility with other versions of
cpio.
-n, --numeric-uid-gid
In the verbose table of contents
listing, show numeric UID and GID instead
of translating them into names.
--no-absolute-filenames
In copy-in mode, create all files relative to the current
directory, even if they
have an absolute file name in the archive.
--no-preserve-owner
In copy-in mode and copy-pass mode, do not change the
ownership of the
files; leave them owned by the user extracting them. This
is the default for
nonroot users, so that users on System V don't
inadvertantly give away files.
-o, --create
Run in copy-out mode.
--only-verify-crc
When reading a CRC format archive in copy-in mode, only
verify the CRC's
of each file in the archive,
don't actually extract the files.
-p, --pass-through
Run in copy-pass mode.
--quiet
Do not print the number of blocks copied.
-R [user][:.][group], --owner
[user][:.][group]
In copy-out and copy-pass modes, set the ownership of all files
created to
the specified user and/or group. Either the user or
the group, or both,
must be present. If the group is omitted but the ":" or
"." separator is given,
use the given user's login group. Only the super-user can
change files'
ownership.
--sparse
In copy-out and copy-pass modes, write files with
large blocks of zeros as
sparse files.
--version
Print the cpio program version number and exit.
-v, --verbose
List the files processed, or with -t, give an `ls -l'
style table of contents listing.
In a verbose table of contents of
a ustar archive, user and group names in
the archive that do not exist on the local system are replaced
by the names that
correspond locally to the numeric UID and GID stored in the
archive.
COMMAND NAME
dd - Converts and copies a file.
AIX SYNTAX
dd [ cbs=BlockSize ] [ count=InputBlocks ] [
files=InputFiles ]
[ fskip=SkipEOFs ] [if=InFile ] [ of=OutFile
]
[seek=RecordNumber] [skip=SkipInputBlocks ]
[ibs=InputBlockSize ] [ obs=OutputBlockSize ]
[ bs=BlockSize ] [ conv= [ ascii | block |ebcdic |
ibm | unblock ]
[ lcase | ucase ] [ iblock ] [ noerror ]
[ swab ] [ sync ] [ oblock]
[ notrunc ] ] dd [ Option=Value ]
LINUX SYNTAX
dd [OPTION]...
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
IN AIX
bs=BlockSize
Specifies both the input and output block size, superseding the ibs
and obs
flags. The block size values specified with the bs flag must
always be a
multiple of the physical block size for the media being
used.
cbs=BlockSize
Specifies the conversion block size for variable-length to
fixed-length and
fixed-length to variable length conversions, such as conv=block.
ibs=InputBlockSize
Specifies the input-block size; the default is 512 bytes or one
block. The
block-size values specified with the ibs flag must always be a
multiple of
the physical block size for the media being used.
obs=OutputBlockSize
Specifies the output-block size; the default is 512 bytes or
one block.
The block size values specified with the obs flag must always be
a
multiple of the physical block size for the media being
used.
seek=RecordNumber
Seeks the record specified by the RecordNumber variable from the
beginning of output file before copying.
IN LINUX
bs=BYTES
force ibs=BYTES and obs=BYTES
cbs=BYTES
convert BYTES bytes at a time
ibs=BYTES
read BYTES bytes at a time
obs=BYTES
write BYTES bytes at a time
seek=BLOCKS
skip BLOCKS obs-sized blocks at start of output
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
--help
display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit.
COMMAND NAME
mt - Gives subcommands to streaming tape device.
AIX SYNTAX
mt [ -f TapeName ] Subcommand [ Count ]
LINUX SYNTAX
mt [-h] [-f device] operation [count] [arguments...]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flag
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-h
mt performs the given operation, which must be one of the
tape
operations The commands can also be listed by running the
program with the -h option.
-v
The version of mt is printed with the
-v option.
TAPE OPERATIONS
eod, seod
Space to end of valid data. Used on streamer tapedrives
to append
data to the logical and of tape.
wset (SCSI tapes)
Write count setmarks at current position (only SCSI tape).
erase
Erase the tape.
seek (SCSI tapes)
Seek to the count block on the tape.This operation is available
on some
Tandberg and Wangtek streamers and some SCSI-2 tape drives. The
block
address should be obtained from a tell call earlier.
tell (SCSI tapes)
Tell the current block on tape. This operation is available on
some
Tandberg and Wangtek streamers and some SCSI-2 tape drives.
setpartition (SCSI tapes)
Switch to the partition determined by count. The default data
partition
of the tape is numbered zero.
Switching partition is available only
if enabled for the device, the device supports multiple partitions,
and the
tape is formatted with multiple partitions. partseek (SCSI tapes) The
tape
position is set to block count in the
partition given by the argument
after count. The default partition is zero.
mkpartition (SCSI tapes)
Format the tape with one (count is
zero) or two partitions (count
gives the size of the second partition in megabytes). The
tape drive
must be able to format partitioned tapes with
initiator-specified partition
size and partition support must be enabled for the drive.
load (SCSI tapes)
Load the tape into the drive.
lock (SCSI tapes)
Lock the tape drive door.
unlock(SCSI tapes)
Unlock the tape drive door.
setblk(SCSI tapes)
Set the block size of the drive to count bytes per
record.
setdensity (SCSI tapes)
Set the tape density code to count. The
proper codes to use with each
drive should be looked up from the drive documentation.
densities (SCSI tapes)
Write explanation of some common density codes to standard
output.
drvbuffer(SCSI tapes)
Set the tape drive buffer code to number. The proper value
for
unbuffered operation is zero and "normal" buffered operation
one. The
meanings of other values can be found in the drive
documentation or, in
case of a SCSI-2 drive, from the SCSI-2 standard.
compression(SCSI tapes)
The compression within the drive can be
switched on or off using the
MTCOMPRESSION ioctl. Note that this method is not
supported by a
drives implementing compression.For instance, the Exabyte 8 mm
drives
use density codes to select compression.
stoptions (SCSI tapes)
Set the driver options bits for the device to the defined
values. Allowed
only for the superuser. The bits can be set either by
oring the option
bits from the file /usr/include/linux/mtio.h to count,
or by using the
following keywords (as many keywords can be used on the same line
as
necessary, unambiguous abbreviations allowed):
buffer-writes buffered writes enabled
async-writes asynchronous writes enabled
read-ahead read-ahead for fixed block
size
debug
debugging (if compiled into driver)
two-fms write two
filemarks when file closed
fast-eod space
directly to eod (and lose file
number)
auto-lock automatically
lock/unlock drive door
def-writes the block size and
density are for
writes
can-bsr drive
can space backwards well
no-blklimits drive doesn't
support read block
limits
can-partitions drive can handle partitioned tapes
scsi2logical seek and tell
use SCSI-2 logical
block addresses instead of device
dependent addresses
sysv
enable the System V semantics
stsetoptions (SCSI tapes)
Set selected driver options bits. The methods to specify
the bits to
set are given above in description of stoptions. Allowed
only for
the superuser. stclearoptions (SCSI tapes)
Clear selected driver option bits. The methods to specify the
bits to
clear are given above in description of
stoptions. Allowed only for
the superuser.
stwrthreshold (SCSI tapes)
The write threshold for the tape device
is set to count kilobytes.
The value must be smaller than or equal to the driver
buffer size.
Allowed only for the superuser.
defblksize (SCSI tapes)
Set the default block size of the device to count
bytes. The value -1
disables the default block size. The block
size set by setblk overrides
the default until a new tape is inserted.
Allowed only for the superuser.
defdensity (SCSI tapes)
Set the default density code. The value -1 disables
the default density.
The density set by setdensity overrides the default until a new
tape is
inserted. Allowed only for the superuser.
defdrvbuffer (SCSI tapes)
Set the default drive buffer code. The value -1
disables the default drive
buffer code.
The drive buffer code set by drvbuffer overrides
the default until a new
tape is inserted. Allowed only for the superuser.
defcompressionession (SCSI tapes)
Set the default compression state. The value -1 disables the
default
compression. The compression state set by
compression overrides
the default until a new tape is inserted. Allowed onl for the
superuser.
sttimeout
sets the normal timeout for the device. The value
is given in seconds.
Allowed only for the superuser.
stlongtimeout
sets the long timeout for the device. The value is given
in seconds.
Allowed only for the superuser.
datcompression
(some SCSI-2 tapes) Inquire or set the compression status
(on/off) using
SCSI commands sent by mt.
If the count is omitted the
compression status is printed. If the count
is zero or "off", compression is disabled. If the
count is anything else,
compression is enabled. The command uses
the SCSI ioctl to read
and write the Data Compression Characteristics mode page (15).
ONLY
ROOT CAN USE COMMAND. The compression can be controlled with
the mt command compression with kernels above 1.3.84.
This command
is not currently included in the
default configuration of mt.
COMMAND NAME
ac - Prints connect-time records.
AIX SYNTAX
/usr/sbin/acct/ac [ -d ] [ -p ] [ -w File ] [ User ... ]
LINUX SYNTAX
ac [ -d | --daily-totals ] [ -y |
--print-year ]
[ -p | --individual-totals ] [ people ]
[ -f | --file filename ] [ -a | --all-days ]
[ --complain ] [ --reboots ] [ --supplants
]
[ --timewarps ] [ --compatibility ]
[ --tw-leniency num ] [ --tw-suspicious num ]
[ -z | --print-zeros ] [ --debug ]
[ -V | --version ] [ -h | --help ]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
people
Print out the sum total of the connect time used by all of the users
included in people.
Note that people is a space separated
list of valid user names; wildcards are not
allowed.
-w of AIX is same as -f, --file filename of Linux.
--complain
When the /var/log/wtmp file has a problem (a time- warp,
missing record, or
whatever), print out an appropriate error.
--reboots
Reboot records are NOT written at the time of a reboot, but when the
system restarts; therefore,
it is impossible to know exactly when the reboot
occurred. Users may have been logged into the
system at the time of the reboot, and many ac's automatically
count the time between the login and
the reboot record against the user (even
though all of that time shouldn't be, perhaps, if the
system
is down for a long time, for instance). If you want
to count this time, include the flag. *For vanilla
ac compatibility, include this flag.*
--supplants
Sometimes, a logout record is not written for
a specific terminal, so the time that the last user
accrued cannot be calculated. If you want to
include the time from the user's login to the
next
login on the terminal (though probably incorrect),include this
you want to include the time from the
user's login to the next login on the
terminal (though probably incorrect), include
this flag.
*For vanilla ac compatibility, include this flag.*
--timewarps
Sometimes, entries in a @WTMP_FILE_LOC file will
suddenly jump back into the past without
a clock change record occurring. It is impossible to know
how long a user was logged in when this
occurs. If you want to count the time between the
login and the time warp against the user, include
this flag. *For vanilla ac compatibility, include this
flag.*
--compatibility
This is shorthand for typing out the three
above options.
--a, --all-days
If we're printing daily totals, print a record for every
day instead of skipping intervening days
where there is no login activity.
Without this flag, time accrued during those
intervening days
gets listed under the next day where there is login activity.
--tw-leniency num
Set the time warp leniency to num seconds. Records in
/var/log/wtmp files might be slightly out of
order (most notably when two logins occur within a
one-second period - the second one gets
written first). By default, this value is set to
60. If the program notices this problem, time is not
assigned to users unless the
--timewarps flag is used.
--tw-suspicious num
Set the time warp suspicious value to num seconds. If
two records in the /var/log/wtmp file are far&endash;
ther than this number of seconds apart, there is a
problem with the @WTMP_FILE_LOC file
(or your ma&endash; chine hasn't been used in a year). If the
program notices this problem, time is not
assigned to users unless the --timewarps flag is used.
-y,--print-year
Print year when displaying dates.
-z,--print-zeros
If a total for any category (save the grand total) is
zero, print it. The default is to
suppress printing.
--debug
Print verbose internal information.
-V,--version
Print the version number of ac to standard output
and quit.
-h,--help
Prints the usage string to standard
output and quit.
COMMAND NAME
chroot - Changes the root directory of a command.
AIX SYNTAX
chroot Directory Command
LINUX SYNTAX
chroot [OPTION] NEWROOT [COMMAND...]
chroot OPTION
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
Run COMMAND with root directory set to NEWROOT
--help display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit
If no command is given, run ``${SHELL} -i'' (default: /bin/sh).
COMMAND NAME
cmp - Compares two files.
AIX SYNTAX
cmp [ -l | -s ] File1 File2
LINUX SYNTAX
cmp [-l | -s ] file1 file2 [skip1 [skip2 ] ]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
The optional arguments skip1 and skip2 are the byte offsets from the
beginning
of file1 and file2 respectively, where the comparison will begin. The
offset is decimal
by default, but may be expressed as an hexadecimal or octal value by
preceding it
with a leading ``0x'' or ``0''.
COMMAND NAME
compress - Compresses data.
AIX SYNTAX
compress [ -c ] [ -C ] [ -d ] [ -F ] [ -f ] [ -n ] [ -q ] [ -v ] [ -V ][ -b Bits ] [ File . . .]
LINUX SYNTAX
compress [ -f ] [ -v ] [ -c ] [ -V ] [ -r ] [ -b bits ] [ name ... ]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-r
If this flag is specified, compress will operate recursively. If any
of the file names
specified on the command line are directories, compress will descend
into the
directory and compress all the files it finds there.
COMMAND NAME
cp - Copies files.
AIX SYNTAX
To Copy a File to another File
{ cp | copy } [ -f ] [ -h ] [ -i ] [ -p
][ -- ] SourceFile TargetFile
To Copy a File to a Directory
{ cp | copy } [ -f ] [ -h ] [ -i ] [ -p ] [ -r | -R ] [ -- ] SourceFile ... TargetDirectory
To Copy a Directory to a Directory
{ cp | copy } [ -f ] [ -h ] [ -i ] [ -p ] [ -- ] { -r | R } Source Directory...TargetDirectory
LINUX SYNTAX
cp [OPTION]... SOURCE DEST
cp [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-a, --archive
same as -dpR
-b, --backup
make backup before removal
-d, --no-dereference
preserve links remove existing destinations, never prompt
-l, --link
link files instead of copying
-P, --parents
append source path to DIRECTORY
--sparse=WHEN
control creation of sparse files
-s, --symbolic-link
make symbolic links instead of copying
-S, --suffix=SUFFIX
override the usual backup suffix
-u, --update
copy only when the SOURCE file is newer than the
destination file or when the destination file is
missing
-v, --verbose
explain what is being done
-V, --version-control=WORD
override the usual version control
-x, --one-file-system
stay on this file system
--help
display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit
COMMAND NAME
csplit - Splits files by context.
AIX SYNTAX
csplit [ -f Prefix ] [ -k ] [ -n Number ] [ -s ] File Argument ...
LINUX SYNTAX
csplit [OPTION]... FILE PATTERN...
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-b, --suffix-format=FORMAT
use sprintf FORMAT instead of %d
-z, --elide-empty-files
remove empty output files
--help
display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit
COMMAND NAME
cut - Writes out selected bytes, characters, or fields from each line of a file.
AIX SYNTAX
cut { -b List [ -n ] | -c List | -f List [ -s ] [ -d Character ] }[ File ... ]
LINUX SYNTAX
cut [OPTION]... [FILE]...
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
--output-delimiter=STRING
use STRING as the output delimiter
the default is to use the input delimiter
--help
display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit
COMMAND NAME
diff3 - Compares three files.
AIX SYNTAX
diff3 [ -e | -x | -E | -X | -3 ] File1 File2 File3
LINUX SYNTAX
diff3 [options] mine older yours
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-a
Treat all files as text and compare them line-by-line,
even if they do not appear to be text.
-A
Incorporate all changes from older to yours into
mine, surrounding all conflicts with bracket lines.
-B
Old behavior of -A. Shows non-conflicts.
--ed
Generate an ed script that incorporates all the
changes from older to yours into mine.
--easy-only
Like -e, except output only the nonoverlapping
changes.
-i
Generate w and q commands at the end of the ed
script for System V compatibility. This option must
be combined with one of the -AeExX3 options, and
may not be combined with -m.
--initial-tab
Output a tab rather than two spaces before the text
of a line in normal format. This causes the alignment
of tabs in the line to look normal.
-L label
--label=label
Use the label label for the brackets output by the
-A, -E and -X options.
This option may be given up
to three times, one for each input file. The default
labels are the names of the input files. Thus diff3 -L
X -L Y -L Z -m A B C acts like diff3 -m A B C ,
except that the output looks like it came from files
named X, Y and Z rather than from files named A, B
and C.
-m
--merge
Apply the edit script to the first file and send the
result to standard output. Unlike piping the output
from diff3 to ed, this works even for binary files and
incomplete lines. -A is assumed if no edit script
option is specified.
--overlap-only
Like -e, except output only the overlapping changes.
--show-all
Incorporate all unmerged changes from older to
yours into mine, surrounding all overlapping
changes with bracket lines.
--show-overlap
Like -e, except bracket lines from overlapping
changes' first and third files.
-T
Output a tab rather than two spaces before the text
of a line in normal format. This causes the alignment
of tabs in the line to look normal.
--text
Treat all files as text and compare them line-by-line,
even if they do not appear to be text.
-v
--version
Output the version number of diff3.
-x
Like -e, except output only the overlapping changes
COMMAND NAME
expand - Writes to standard output with tabs changed to spaces.
AIX SYNTAX
expand [ -t TabList ] [ File ... ]
LINUX SYNTAX
expand [OPTION]... [FILE]...
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-i, --initial
do not convert TABs after non whitespace
-t, --tabs=NUMBER
have tabs NUMBER characters apart, not 8
COMMAND NAME
file - Determines file type.
AIX SYNTAX
file [-m MagicFile] [-f FileList] [File...]
LINUX SYNTAX
file [ -bcnsvzL ] [ -f namefile ] [ -m magicfiles ] file ...
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-b
Do not prepend filenames to output lines (brief mode).
-n
Force stdout to be flushed after check a file. This is only useful if
checking a list of
files. It is intended to be used by programs want filetype output
from a pipe.
-v
Print the version of the program and exit.
-z
Try to look inside compressed files.
-L
option causes symlinks to be followed, as the like-named option in
ls(1). (on
systems that support symbolic links).
-s
Normally, file only attempts to read and determine the type of
argument files which
stat(2) reports are ordinary files. This prevents problems, because
reading special
files may have peculiar consequences. Specifying the -s option causes
file to also
read argument files which are block or character special files. This
is useful for
determining the filesystem types of the data in raw disk partitions,
which are block
special files. This option also causes file to disregard the file
size as reported by
stat(2) since on some systems it reports a zero size for raw disk
partitions.
COMMAND NAME
install - Installs a command.
AIX SYNTAX
/usr/bin/install [-c DirectoryA] [-f DirectoryB]
[-i] [-m] [-M Mode]
[-O Owner] [-GGroup] [-S]
[-nDirectoryC] [-o] [-s] File [Directory
... ]
LINUX SYNTAX
install [OPTION]... SOURCE DEST
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
Aix : -o
Saves the old copy of the File parameter by copying it into a file
called OLDFile
in the same directory. This flag cannot be used with the -c flag.
Linux : -o, --owner=OWNER
set ownership (super-user only)
Aix : -s
Suppresses the display of all but error messages.
Linux : -s, --strip
strip symbol tables, only for 1st and 2nd formats
Aix : -S
Causes the binary to be stripped after installation.
Linux : -S, --suffix=SUFFIX
override the usual backup suffix
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-b, --backup
make backup before removal
-d, --directory
treat all arguments as directory names; create all
components of the specified directories
-D
create all leading components of DEST except the
last, then copy SOURCE to DEST; useful in the 1st
format
-g, --group=GROUP
set group ownership, instead of process' current
group
-p, --preserve-timestamps
apply access/modification times of SOURCE files to
corresponding destination files
COMMAND NAME
mknod - Creates a special file.
AIX SYNTAX
Only executed by root or system group member
mknod Name { b | c } Major Minor
Creates FIFOs (named pipelines)
mknod Name { p }
LINUX SYNTAX
mknod [OPTION]... NAME TYPE [MAJOR MINOR]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-m, --mode=MODE
set permission mode (as in chmod), not 0666 - umask
COMMAND NAME
mv - Moves files.
AIX SYNTAX
To Move Files to a Directory Maintaining Original File Names
{ mv | move } [ -i | -f ] SourceFile TargetFile
To Move and Rename a File or Directory
{ mv | move } [ -i | -f ] SourceFile ... TargetDirectory
LINUX SYNTAX
mv [OPTION]... SOURCE DEST
mv [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-b, --backup
make backup before removal
-S, --suffix=SUFFIX
override the usual backup suffix
-u, --update
move only older or brand new non-directories
-v, --verbose
explain what is being done
-V, --version-control=WORD
override the usual version control
COMMAND
echo - Writes character strings to standard output
AIX SYNTAX
echo [ String ... ]
LINUX SYNTAX
echo [OPTION]... [STRING]...
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-n
do not output the trailing newline
-e
enable interpretation of the backslash-escaped characters listed
below
-E
disable interpretation of those sequences in STRINGs
COMMAND
env - Displays the current environment or sets the environment for the execution of a command
AIX SYNTAX
env [ -i |- ] [Name=Value ]... [Command [ Argument ... ] ]
LINUX SYNTAX
env [OPTION]... [-] [NAME=VALUE]... [COMMAND [ARG]...]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-u, --unset=NAME
remove variable from the environment
COMMAND
getopt - Parses command line flags and parameters
AIX SYNTAX
getopt Format Tokens
LINUX SYNTAX
getopt optstring parameters
getopt [options] [--] optstring parameters
getopt [options] -o|--options optstring [options]
[--] parameters
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-a, --alternative
Allow long options to start with a single `-'
-h, --help
Output a small usage guide and exit succesfully.
No other output is generated.
-l, --longoptions longopts
The long (multi-character) options to be recognized. More than
one option name may be specified at once, by separating the
names with commas. This option may be given more than once,
the longopts are cummulative. Each long option name in longopts
may be followed by one colon to indicate it has a required
argument,
and by two colons to indicate it has an optional argument.
-n, --name progname
The name that will be used by the getopt(3) routines when it
reports
errors. Note that errors of getopt(1) are still reported as coming
from
getopt.
-o, --options shortopts
The short (one-character) options to be recognized. If this options
is
not found, the first parameter of getopt that does not start with a
`-'
(and is not an option argument) is used as the short options
string.
Each short option character in shortopts may be followed by one
colon to indicate it has a required argument, and by two colons
to
indicate it has an optional argument. The first character of
shortopts
may be `+' or `-' to influence the way options are parsed and
output
is generated (see section SCANNING MODES for details).
-q, --quiet
Disable error reporting by getopt(3).
-Q, --quiet-output
Do not generate normal output. Errors are still reported by
getopt(3),
unless you also use -q.
-s, --shell shell
Set quoting conventions to those of shell. If no -s argument is
found,
the BASH conventions are used. Valid arguments are currently `sh'
`bash', `csh', and `tcsh'.
-u, --unquoted
Do not quote the output. Note that whitespace and special (shell-
dependent) characters can cause havoc in this mode (like they do
with other getopt(1) implementations).
-T --test
Test if your getopt(1) is this enhanced version or an old version.
This
generates no output, and sets the error status to 4. Other
implementations
of getopt(1), and this version if the environment variable
GETOPT_COMPATIBLE is set, will return `--' and error status 0.
-V, --version
Output version information and exit succesfully.
No other output is generated.
COMMAND NAME
ipcs - Reports interprocess communication facility status.
AIX SYNTAX
ipcs [-m] [-q] [-s] [-a | -b -c -o -p -t] [-CCoreFile] [-N Kernel ]
LINUX SYNTAX
ipcs [ -asmq ] [ -tclup ]
ipcs [ -smq ] -i id
ipcs -h
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such option
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-l
Prints to the standatd output the Maximum limits of shared memory
,
Messages and semaphors like
------ Shared Memory Limits --------
max number of segments
max seg size (kbytes) = 32768
max total shared memory (kbytes) = 16777216
min seg size (bytes) = 1
------ Semaphore Limits --------
max number of arrays = 128
max semaphores per array = 250
max semaphores system wide = 32000
max ops per semop call = 32
semaphore max value = 32767
------ Messages: Limits --------
max queues system wide = 128
max size of message (bytes) = 4056
default max size of queue (bytes) = 16384
-u
Prints the summary of the status of shared memory , Messages
and
semaphors as follows
------ Shared Memory Status --------
segments allocated 1
pages allocated 12
pages resident 8
pages swapped 4
Swap performance: 22 attempts 4
successes
------ Semaphore Status --------
used arrays = 0
allocated semaphores = 0
------ Messages: Status --------
allocated queues = 0
used headers = 0
used space = 0 bytes
COMMAND NAME
indent - Reformats a C language program.
AIX SYNTAX
indent InputFile [ OutputFile ] [ -nbad |
-bad ] [ -nbap | -bap ]
[ -nbbb | -bbb ] [ -nbc | -bc
] [ -br | -bl][ -cn]
[ -cdn ] [ -ncdb | -cdb
]
[ -nce | -ce ] [ -cin ] [
-clin ] [ -dn ] [ -din ] [
-ndj | -dj ] [ -nei | -ei ]
[ -fa ] [ -nfa ] [ -nfc1
| -fc1 ] [ -in ] [ -nip | -ip
] [ -ln ] [ -lcn ]
[ -nlp | -lp ] [ -npro ]
[ -npcs | -pcs ][ -nps | -ps
] [ -npsl | -psl ]
[ -nsc | -sc ] [ -nsob | -sob
] [ -nslb | -slb ] [ -st ]
[ -troff ] [ -nv | -v ]
[ -TType ] ...
LINUX SYNTAX
indent [options] [input-files]
indent [options] [single-input-file] [-o
output-file]
indent --version
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
In AIX
-bbb
Forces a blank line before every block comment.
In Linux
-bbb
Force blank lines after block comments.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-bbo
Prefer to break long lines before boolean operators.
-blin
Indent braces n spaces.
-bs
Put a space between sizeof and its argument.
-cbin
Indent braces after a case label N spaces
-cpn
Put comments to the right of `#else' and ` #endif'
statements
in column n.
-cs
Put a space after a cast operator.
-fca
Do not disable all formatting of comments.
-gnu
Use GNU coding style. This is the default.
-hnl
Prefer to break long lines at the position of newlines in the
input.
-kr
Use Kernighan & Ritchie coding style.
-lps
Leave space between `#' and preprocessor directive.
-nbbo
Do not prefer to break long lines before boolean
operators.
-ncs
Do not put a space after cast operators.
-nfca
Do not format any comments.
-nhnl
Do not prefer to break long lines at the position of
newlines
in the input.
-nss
Do not force a space before the semicolon after certain
statements.
Disables `-ss'.
-orig
Use the original Berkeley coding style.
-pin
Specify the extra indentation per open parentheses '('
when
a statement is broken.
-sbin
Indent braces of a struct, union or enum N spaces.
-ss
On one-line for and while statments, force a blank before
the semicolon.
-tsn
Set tab size to n spaces.
-version
Output the version number of indent.
COMMAND NAME
fortune - Displays a random fortune from a database of fortunes.
AIX SYNTAX
fortune [ - ] [ -s | -l | -a [ -w ] ] [ File ]
LINUX SYNTAX
fortune [-aefilosw] [-n length] [ -m pattern] [[n%] file/dir/all]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flag.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-e
Consider all fortune files to be of equal size
(see discussion below on multiple files).
-f
Print out the list of files which would be searched, but don't
print
a fortune.
-m pattern
Print out all fortunes which match the basic regular
expression
pattern.The syntax of these expression depends on how your
system
defines re_comp(3) or regcomp(3), but it should nevertheless
be
similar to the syntax used in grep(1). The fortunes are output
to
standard output, while the names of the file from which each
fortune
comes are printed to standard error. Either or both can be
redirected;
if standard output is redirected to a file, the result is a valid
fortunes
database file. If standard error is also redirected to this file, the
result is
still valid, but there will be ``bogus'' fortunes, i.e. the filenames
themselves,
in paranthesis.This can be useful if you wish to remove the gathered
matches
from their original files, since each filename-record will precede
the records
from the file it names.
-n length
Set the longest fortune length (in characters) considered to be
``short''
(the default is 160). All fortunes longer than this are considered
``long''.
Be careful! If you set the length too short and ask for short
fortunes, or
too long and ask for long ones, fortune goes into a never-ending
thrash loop.
-o
Choose only from potentially offensive aphorisms.
-i
Ignore case for -m patterns.
The user may specify alternate sayings. You can specify a specific
file,
a directory which contains one or more files, or the special word all
which
says to use all the standard databases. Any of these may be preceded
by a
percentage, which is a number n between 0 and 100 inclusive, followed
by
a %. If it is, there will be a n percent probability that an adage
will be picked
from that file or directory. If the percentages do not sum to 100,
and there
are specifications without percentages, the remaining percent will
apply to
those files and/or directories, in which case the probability of
selecting from
one of them will be based on their relative
sizes.
COMMAND NAME
apropos - Locates commands by keyword lookup.
AIX SYNTAX
apropos [ -M PathName ] Keyword ...
LINUX SYNTAX
apropos keyword ...
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flag
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
No such features.
COMMAND NAME
help - Provides information for new users.
AIX SYNTAX
help
LINUX SYNTAX
help
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
No such features.
COMMAND NAME
man - Displays manual entries online.
AIX SYNTAX
man [ [ [ -c ] [ -t ] [ Section ] ] | [ -k | -f ] ] [ -MPath ] Title ...
LINUX SYNTAX
man [-acdfFhkKtwW] [-m system] [-p string]
[-C config_file] [-M path]
[-P pager] [-S section_list] [section]
name...
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
In AIX
-t
Formats the manual information using the troff command.
This flag is ignored if the manual page is found in a
hypertext information base.
In Linux
-t
Use /usr/bin/groff -Tps -mandoc to format the manual page,
passing
the output to stdout. The output from /usr/bin/groff -Tps
-mandoc
may need to be passed through some filter or another before being
printed.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-C config_file
Specify the man.conf file to use; the default is
/etc/man.config.
-P pager
Specify which pager to use. This option overrides the
MANPAGER
environment variable, which in turn overrides the PAGER
variable.
By default, man uses /usr/bin/less-is.
-a
By default, man will exit after displaying the first manual page it
finds.
Using this option forces man to
display all the manual pages that match name, not just the
first.
-d
Don't actually display the man pages, but do print gobs of
debugging information.
-D
Both display and print debugging info.
-F or -preformat
Format only - do not display.
-h
Print a one-line help message and exit.
-K
Search for the specified string in *all* man pages.
-m system
Specify an alternate set of man pages to search based on
the
system name given.
-p string
Specify the sequence of preprocessors to run before nroff or
troff.
Not all installations will have a full set of preprocessors. Some of
the
preprocessors and the letters used to designate them are: eqn (e),
grap (g),
pic (p), tbl (t), vgrind (v), refer (r). This option overrides
the
MANROFFSEQ environment variable.
-w or --path
Don't actually display the man pages, but do print the location(s) of
the
files that would be formatted or displayed. If no argument is
given:
display (on stdout) the list of directories that is searched by man
for man
pages. If manpath is a link to man, then "manpath" is equivalent
to
"man --path".
-W
Like -w, but print file names one per line, without additional
information.
This is useful in shell commands like
man -aW man | xargs ls -l .
COMMAND NAME
banner - Writes ASCII character strings in large letters to standard output.
AIX SYNTAX
banner String
LINUX SYNTAX
/usr/games/banner [ -wn ] message ...
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-w
The output is scrunched down from a width of 132 to n,
suitable for
a narrow terminal .If n is ommited, it defaults to
80.
COMMAND NAME
biff - Enables or disables mail notification during the current session.
AIX SYNTAX
biff [ y | n ]
LINUX SYNTAX
biff [ny]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
No such features.
COMMAND NAME
cal - Displays a calendar.
AIX SYNTAX
cal [ [ Month ] Year ]
LINUX SYNTAX
cal [-mjy] [month [year]]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-m
Display monday as the first day of the week.
-j
Display julian dates (days one-based, numbered from January
1).
-y
Display a calendar for the current year.
COMMAND NAME
logger - Make entries in the system log.
AIX SYNTAX
logger [ -f File ] [ -i ] [ -p Priority ] [ -t Tag ] [ Message ]
LINUX SYNTAX
logger [-is ] [-f file ] [-p pri ] [-t tag ] [-u socket ] [message ... ]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-s
Log the message to standard error, as well as the system
log.
-u sock
Write to socket as specified with socket instead of builtin
syslog routines.
COMMAND NAME
cksum - Displays the checksum and byte count of a file.
AIX SYNTAX
cksum [ File ... ]
LINUX SYNTAX
cksum [OPTION]... [FILE]...
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
--help
display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit
COMMAND NAME
mkfifo - Makes first-in-first-out (FIFO) special files.
AIX SYNTAX
mkfifo [ -m Mode ] File ...
LINUX SYNTAX
mkfifo [OPTION] NAME...
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
--help
display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit
COMMAND
ar - Maintains the indexed libraries used by the linkage editor.
AIX SYNTAX
ar [ -c ] [ -l ] [ -g | -o ] [ -s ]
[ -v ] [ -C ] [ -T ] [ -z ] { -h | -p
| -t | -x }
[ -X {32|64|32_64}] ArchiveFile [ File ...
]
ar [ -c ] [ -l ] [ -g | -o ] [ -s ]
[ -v ] [ -C ] [ -T ] [ -z ] { -m | -r
[ -u ] }
[ { -a | -b | -i }PositionName ] [ -X
{32|64|32_64}] ArchiveFile File ...
ar [ -c ] [ -l ] [ -g | -o ] [ -s ]
[ -v ] [ -C ] [ -T ] [ -z ] { -d | -q
} [ -X
{32|64|32_64}] ArchiveFile File ...
ar [ -c ] [ -l ] [ -v ] [ -C ] [
-T ] [ -z ] { -g | -o | -s | -w } [ -X
{32|64|32_64}]
ArchiveFile
LINUX SYNTAX
ar [-]{dmpqrtx}[abcilosSuvV] [membername] archive files...
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-f
Truncate names in the archive. ar will normally permit file names of
any length.
This will cause it to create archives which are not compatible with
the native ar
program on some systems. If this is a concern, the f modifier may be
used to
truncate file names when putting them in the archive.
-S
Do not generate an archive symbol table. This can speed up building a
large library
in several steps. The resulting archive can not be used with the
linker. In order to
build a symbol table, you must omit the `S' modifier on the last
execution of `ar', or
you must run `ranlib' on the archive.
-V
This modifier shows the version number of ar.
COMMAND
chgrp - Changes the group ownership of a file or directory.
AIX SYNTAX
chgrp [ -f ] [-h ] [ -R ] Group { File ... | Directory ... }
LINUX SYNTAX
chgrp [OPTION]... GROUP FILE...
chgrp [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE...
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-c, --changes
like verbose but report only when a change is made
--reference=RFILE
use RFILE's group instead of using a GROUP value
-v, --verbose
output a diagnostic for every file processed
COMMAND
chmod - Changes file modes.
AIX SYNTAX
To Change File Modes Symbolically
chmod [ -R ] [ -h ] [ -f ] [ [ u
] [ g ] [ o ] | [ a ] ] { { - | + | =
}
[ r ] [ w ] [ x ] [ X ] [ s ]
[ t ] } { File ... | Directory ... }
To Change File Modes Numerically
chmod [ -R ] [ -h ] [ -f ] PermissionCode {
File ... | Directory ... }
LINUX SYNTAX
chmod [OPTION]... MODE[,MODE]... FILE...
chmod [OPTION]... OCTAL_MODE FILE...
chmod [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE...
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-c, --changes
like verbose but report only when a change is made
-v, --verbose
output a diagnostic for every file processed
--reference=RFILE
use RFILE's mode instead of MODE values
COMMAND
chown - Changes the owner or group associated with a file.
AIX SYNTAX
chown [ -f ] [ -h ] [ -R ] Owner [ :Group ] { File ... | Directory ... }
LINUX SYNTAX
chown [OPTION]... OWNER[.[GROUP]] FILE...
chown [OPTION]... .GROUP FILE...
chown [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE...
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-c, --changes
be verbose whenever change occurs
--dereference
affect the referent of each symbolic link, rather than the symbolic
link itself
--reference=RFILE
use the owner and group of RFILE instead of using explicit OWNER
GROUP values
-v, --verbose
explain what is being done
COMMAND
diff - Compares text files.
AIX SYNTAX
To Compare the Contents of Two Files
diff [-c| -C Lines | -D [ String ] | -e | -f | -n ]
[ -b ] [ -i ] [ -t ] File 1 File2
diff [ -h ] [ -b ] File 1 File2
To Sort the Contents of Directories and Compare Files That Are
Different
diff [ -c | -C Lines | -e | -f | -n ] [ -b ] [ -i
] [ -l ] [ -r ] [ -s ] [ -S File
]
[ -t ] [ -w ] Directory1 Directory2
diff [ -h ] [ -b ] Directory1 Directory2
LINUX SYNTAX
diff [options] from-file to-file
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-lines
Show lines (an integer) lines of context. This option does not
specify an
output format by itself; it has no effect unless it is combined with
-c or -u.
This option is obsolete. For proper operation, patch typically needs
at
least two lines of context.
-a
Treat all files as text and compare them line-by-line, even if they
do not
seem to be text.
-B
Ignore changes that just insert or delete blank lines.
--brief
Report only whether the files differ, not the details of the
differences.
--context[=lines]
Use the context output format, showing lines (an integer) lines of
context,
or three if lines is not given. For proper operation, patch typically
needs
at least two lines of context.
--changed-group-format=format
Use format to output a line group containing differing lines from
both files
in if-then-else format.
-d
Change the algorithm to perhaps find a smaller set of changes. This
makes
diff slower (sometimes much slower).
-e
--ed
Make output that is a valid ed script.
--exclude=pattern
When comparing directories, ignore files and subdirectories whose
basenames
match pattern.
--exclude-from=file
When comparing directories, ignore files and subdirectories whose
basenames
match any pattern contained in file.
--expand-tabs
Expand tabs to spaces in the output, to preserve the alignment of
tabs in the input
files.
-F regexp
In context and unified format, for each hunk of differences, show
some of the last
preceding line that matches regexp.
--forward-ed
Make output that looks vaguely like an ed script but has changes in
the order
they appear in the file.
-H
Use heuristics to speed handling of large files that have numerous
scattered small
changes.
--horizon-lines=lines
Do not discard the last lines lines of the common prefix and the
first lines lines of
the common suffix.
-I regexp
Ignore changes that just insert or delete lines that match
regexp.
--ifdef=name
Make merged if-then-else format output, conditional on the
preprocessor macro
name.
--ignore-all-space
Ignore white space when comparing lines.
--ignore-blank-lines
Ignore changes that just insert or delete blank lines.
--ignore-case
Ignore changes in case; consider upper- and lower-case to be the
same.
--ignore-matching-lines=regexp
Ignore changes that just insert or delete lines that match
regexp.
--ignore-space-change
Ignore changes in amount of white space.
--initial-tab
Output a tab rather than a space before the text of a line in normal
or context format.
This causes the alignment of tabs in the line to look normal.
-L label
--label=label
Use label instead of the file name in the context format and unified
format headers.
--left-column
Print only the left column of two common lines in side by side
format.
--line-format=format
Use format to output all input lines in in-then-else format.
--minimal
Change the algorithm to perhaps find a smaller set of changes. This
makes diff
slower (sometimes much slower).
-N
--new-file
In directory comparison, if a file is found in only one directory,
treat it as
present but empty in the other directory.
--new-group-format=format
Use format to output a group of lines taken from just the second file
in
if-then-else format.
--new-line-format=format
Use format to output a line taken from just the second file in
if-then-else format.
--old-group-format=format
Use format to output a group of lines taken from just the first file
in if-then-else format.
--old-line-format=format
Use format to output a line taken from just the first file in
if-then-else format.
-p
Show which C function each change is in.
-P
When comparing directories, if a file appears only in the second
directory of the two,
treat it as present but empty in the other.
--paginate
Pass the output through pr to paginate it.
-q
Report only whether the files differ, not the details of the
differences.
--rcs
Output RCS-format diffs; like -f except that each command specifies
the number
of lines affected.
--recursive
When comparing directories, recursively compare any subdirectories
found.
--report-identical-files
--sdiff-merge-assist
Print extra information to help sdiff. sdiff uses this option when it
runs diff. This
option is not intended for users to use directly.
--show-c-function
Show which C function each change is in.
--show-function-line=regexp
In context and unified format, for each hunk of differences, show
some of the last
preceding line that matches regexp.
--side-by-side
Use the side by side output format.
--speed-large-files
Use heuristics to speed handling of large files that have numerous
scattered small changes.
--starting-file=file
When comparing directories, start with the file. This is used for
resuming an aborted
comparison.
--suppress-common-lines
Do not print common lines in side by side format.
-T
Output a tab rather than a space before the text of a line in normal
or context format.
This causes the alignment of tabs in the line to look normal.
--text
Treat all files as text and compare them line-by-line, even if they
do not appear to be text.
-u
Use the unified output format.
--unchanged-group-format=format
Use format to output a group of common lines taken from both files in
if-then-else format.
--unchanged-line-format=format
Use format to output a line common to both files in if-then-else
format.
--unidirectional-new-file
When comparing directories, if a file appears only in the second
directory of the two,
treat it as present but empty in the other.
-U lines
--unified[=lines]
Use the unified output format, showing lines (an integer) lines of
context, or three if lines
is not given. For proper operation, patch typically needs at least
two lines of context.
-v
--version
Output the version number of diff.
-W columns
--width=columns
Use an output width of columns in side by side format.
-x pattern
When comparing directories, ignore files and subdirectories whose
basenames match pattern.
-X file
When comparing directories, ignore files and subdirectories whose
basenames match any
pattern contained in file.
-y
Use the side by side output format.
COMMAND
du - Summarizes disk usage.
AIX SYNTAX
du [ -a | -s ] [ -k ] [ -l ] [ -r ]
[ -x ] [ File ... ]
LINUX SYNTAX
du [OPTION]... [FILE]...
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-b, --bytes
print size in bytes
-c, --total
produce a grand total
-D, --dereference-args
dereference PATHs when symbolic link
-h, --human-readable
print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)
-H, --si likewise, but use powers of 1000 not 1024
-L, --dereference
dereference all symbolic links
-m, --megabytes
like --block-size=1048576
-S, --separate-dirs
do not include size of subdirectories
-X FILE, --exclude-from=FILE
Exclude files that match any pattern in FILE.
--exclude=PAT
Exclude files that match PAT.
--max-depth=N
print the total for a directory (or file, with --all) only if it is N
or fewer levels below
the command line argument; --max-depth=0 is the same as
--summarize
--help display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit
COMMAND
fuser - Identifies processes using a file or file structure
AIX SYNTAX
fuser [ -c | -d | -f ] [ -k ] [ -u ] [ -x ] [ -V ]File ...
LINUX SYNTAX
fuser [-a|-s] [-n space] [-signal]
[-kimuv] name ... [-] [-n space]
[-signal] [-kimuv] name ...
fuser -l
fuser -V
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-a
Show all files specified on the command line. By default, only files
that are accessed
by at least one process are shown.
-i
Ask the user for confirmation before killing a process. This option
is silently ignored if
-k is not present too.
-l
List all known signal names.
-m
name specifies a file on a mounted file system or a block device that
is mounted. All
processes accessing files on that file system are listed. If a
directory file is specified,
it is automatically changed to name/. to use any file system that
might be mounted on
that directory.
-n space
Select a different name space. The name spaces file(file names, the
default), udp (local
UDP ports), and tcp (local TCP ports) are supported. For ports,
either the port number
or the symbolic name can be specified. If there is no ambiguity, the
shortcut notation
name/space (e.g. name/proto) can be used.
-s
Silent operation. -a, -u and -v are ignored in this mode.
-signal
Use the specified signal instead of SIGKILL when killing processes.
Signals can be
specified either by name (e.g. -HUP) or by number (e.g. -1)
-v
Verbose mode. Processes are shown in a ps-like style. The fields PID,
USER and
COMMAND are similar to ps. ACCESS shows how the process accesses the
file.
If the access is by the kernel (e.g. in the case of a mount point, a
swap file, etc.), kernel
is shown instead of the PID.
COMMAND
id - Displays the system identifications of a specified user.
AIX SYNTAX
id [ { -G | -g [ -r ] | -u [ -r ] } [ -n ] ] [ User ]
LINUX SYNTAX
id [OPTION]... [USERNAME]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
-a
Ignore, for compatibility with other versions
COMMAND
mail - Sends and receives mail.
AIX SYNTAX
To Read Incoming Mail
mail -e
mail -f [ -dHNn ] [ -F ] [ FileName ]
mail [ -dHNn ] [ -F ] [ -u UserID ]
To Send Mail
mail [ -s Subject ] [ -c Address(es) ] [ -dinNv
] Address
LINUX SYNTAX
mail [-iInv ] [-s subject ] [-c cc-addr ]
[-b bcc-addr ] to-addr...
mail [-iInNv -f ] [name ]
mail [-iInNv [-u user ] ]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No such flags found.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-b
Send blind carbon copies to list List should be a comma-separated
list of names.
-I
Forces mail to run in interactive mode even when input isn't a
terminal. In particular,
the `~ ' special character when sending mail is only active in
interactive mode.
COMMAND
ftp - Transfers files between a local and a remote host.
AIX SYNTAX
ftp [ -d ] [ -g ] [ -i ] [ -n ] [ -v ] [ -f ] [ -k realm] [ HostName [ Port ] ]
LINUX SYNTAX
ftp [-pinegvd ] [host ]
pftp [-inegvd ] [host ]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
No Such Flags.
Subcommands
In AIX
site Args
Displays or sets the idle time-out period, displays or sets the
file-creation umask, or changes the permissions of a file, using
the chmod command. Possible values for the Args parameter
are umask and chmod.
In LINUX
idle [seconds ]
Set the inactivity timer on the remote server to seconds seconds.
If seconds is ommitted, the current inactivity timer is printed.
chmod mode file-name
Change the permission modes of the file file-name on the remote
sytem to mode.
umask [newmask ]
Set the default umask on the remote server to newmask If
newmask is ommitted, the current umask is printed.
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-p
Use passive mode for data transfers. Allows use of ftp in
environments
where a firewall prevents connections from the outside world back
to
the client machine. Requires that the ftp server support the PASV
command. This is the default if invoked as pftp.
-e
Disables command editing and history support, if it was compiled
into
the ftp executable. Otherwise, does nothing.
COMMAND
cu - Connects directly or indirectly to another system.
AIX SYNTAX
To Establish a Connection Using a Modem
cu [ -d ] [ -h ] [ -m ] [ -TSeconds ] [ -n ] [ -sSpeed ] [ -t ] [ -e | -o ] TelephoneNumber
To Specify the Name of a Device for a Connection
cu [ -d ] [ -h ] [ -m ] [ -TSeconds ] [ -sSpeed ] [ -e | -o ] -lLine
To Specify a System Name for a Connection
cu [ -d ] [ -h ] [ -m ] [ -TSeconds ] [ -e | -o ] SystemName
LINUX SYNTAX
cu [ -e, --parity=even ] [-o, --parity=odd]
[--parity=none ] [-h, --halfduplex ]
[--nostop] [ -E char, --escape char] [-z system,
--system system ]
[-c phone-number, --phone phone-number ] [-p port, --port
port ] [-a port]
[-l line, --line line ] [ -s speed, --speed speed ]
[-#] [-n, --prompt ]
[-d] [-x type, --debug type] [-I file, --config
file] [ -v, --version ] [--help]
[ system | phone | "dir" ]
FEATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
None
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
--parity=none
Use no parity. No parity is also used if both -e and -o are
given.
--nostop
Turn off XON/XOFF handling (it is on by default).
-E
char, --escape char
Set the escape character. Initially ~ (tilde). To eliminate the
escape character, use -E ''.
-z
system, --system system
The system to call.
-c
phone-number, --phone phone-number
The phone number to call.
-p
port, --port port, -a port
Name the port to use.
-x
type, --debug type
Turn on particular debugging types. The following types
are recognized: abnormal, chat, handshake, uucp-proto,
proto, port, config, spooldir, execute, incoming, outgoing.
Only abnormal, chat, handshake, port, config, incoming
and outgoing are meaningful for cu.
Multiple types may be given, separated by commas, and
the --debug option may appear multiple times. A number
may also be given, which will turn on that many types from
the foregoing list; for example, --debug 2 is equivalent to
--debug abnormal,chat. --debug all may be used to turn on
all debugging options.
-I file, --config file
Set configuration file to use. This option may not be
available, depending upon how cu was compiled.
-v, --version
Report version information and exit.
--help
Print a help message and exit.
Subcommands
~| command
Run command, taking the standard input from the remote
system.
~+ command
Run command, taking the standard input from the remote
system and sending the standard output to the remote
system.
~> file
Send a file to the remote system. This just dumps the file
over the communication line. It is assumed that the remote
system is expecting it.
~<
Receive a file from the remote system. This prompts for the
local file name and for the remote command to execute to
begin the file transfer. It continues accepting data until the
contents of the eofread variable are seen.
~s variable value
Set a cu variable to the given value. If value is not given,
the variable is set to true.
~! variable
Set a cu variable to false.
~z
Suspend the cu session. This is only supported on some
systems. On systems for which ^Z may be used to suspend
a job, ~^Z will also suspend the session.
~%stop
Turn on XON/XOFF handling.
~v
List all the variables and their values.
~?
List all commands.
cu also supports several variables. They may be listed
with
the ~v command, and set with the ~s or ~! commands.
escape
The escape character. Initially ~ (tilde).
delay
If this variable is true, cu will delay for a second after
recognizing the escape character before printing the
name of the local system. The default is true.
eol
The list of characters which are considered to finish a line.
The escape character is only recognized after one of these
is seen. The default is carriage return, ^U, ^C, ^O, ^D, ^S,
^Q, ^R.
binary
Whether to transfer binary data when sending a file. If this
is false, then newlines in the file being sent are converted
to carriage returns. The default is false.
binary-prefix
A string used before sending a binary character in a file
transfer, if the binary variable is true. The default is ^V.
echo-check
Whether to check file transfers by examining what the
remote system echoes back. This probably doesn't work
very well. The default is false.
echonl
The character to look for after sending each line in a file.
The default is carriage return.
timeout
The timeout to use, in seconds, when looking for a
character, either when doing echo checking or when
looking for the echonl character. The default is 30.
kill
The character to use delete a line if the echo check fails.
The default is ^U.
resend
The number of times to resend a line if the echo check
continues to fail. The default is 10.
eofwrite
The string to write after sending a file with the ~>
command. The default is ^D.
eofread
the string to look for when receiving a file with the ~<
command. The default is $, which is intended to be a
typical shell prompt.
verbose
Whether to print accumulated information during a file
transfer. The default is true.
COMMAND
mount- Makes a file system available for use.
AIX SYNTAX
mount [ -f ]
[ -n Node ] [ -o Options ] [ -p ] [ -r
] [ -v VfsName ] [ -t Type |
[ Device | Node:Directory ] Directory | all | -a
] [-V [generic_options]
special_mount_points ]
LINUX SYNTAX
mount [-hV]
mount -a [-fFnrsvw]
[-t vfstype]
mount [-fnrsvw] [-o
options [,...]] device | dir
mount [-fnrsvw] [-t
vfstype] [-o options] device dir
EATURES IN BOTH (SAME FLAGS) BUT WITH DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS
In AIX
In LINUX
FEATURES IN LINUX ONLY BUT NOT IN AIX
-V Output version.
-h Print a help message.
-v Verbose mode.
-a
Mount all filesystems (of the given types)
men&endash;
tioned in fstab.
-F
(Used in conjunction with -a.) Fork off
a new
incarnation of mount for each device. This will do
the mounts on different devices or different
NFS
servers in parallel. This has the advantage
that
it is faster; also NFS timeouts go in parallel. A
disadvantage is that the mounts are done in
unde&endash;
fined order. Thus, you cannot use this option
if
you want to mount both /usr and /usr/spool.
-f
Causes everything to be done except for the actual
system call; if it's not obvious, this
``fakes''
mounting the file system. This option is useful in
conjunction with the -v flag to determine what the
mount command is trying to do. It can also be used
to add entries for devices that were mounted
ear&endash;
lier with the -n option.
-n
Mount without writing in /etc/mtab. This is neces&endash;
sary for example when /etc is on a read-only file
system.
-s
Tolerate sloppy mount options rather than failing.
This will ignore mount options not supported by a
filesystem type. Not all filesystems support this
option. This option exists for support of the Linux
-r Mount the file system
read-only. A synonym is -o
ro.
-w
Mount the file system read/write. This
is the
default. A synonym is -o rw.
-L label
Mount the partition that has the specified label.
-U uuid
Mount the partition that has the specified
uuid.
These two options require the file /proc/partitions
(present since Linux 2.1.116) to exist.
-t vfstype
The argument following the -t is used to indicate
the file system type. The file system types which
are currently
supported are listed
in
linux/fs/filesystems.c: minix, xiafs, ext,
ext2,
msdos, umsdos, vfat, proc, autofs, devpts,
nfs,
iso9660, smbfs, ncpfs, adfs, affs, coda, hfs, hpfs,
Note that the last three are equivalent and
that
xenix and coherent will be removed at some point in
the future -- use sysv instead. Since kernel
ver&endash;
sion 2.1.21 the types ext and xiafs do not
exist
anymore.
For most types all the mount program has to do is
issue a simple mount(2) system
call, and no
detailed knowledge of the filesystem
type is
required. For a few types
however (like nfs,
smbfs, ncpfs) ad hoc code is necessary. The nfs ad
hoc code is built in, but smbfs and ncpfs have
a
separate mount program. In order to make it possi&endash;
ble to treat all types in a uniform way, mount will
execute the program /sbin/mount.TYPE
(if that
exists) when called with type smb or ncp.
Since
various versions of the smbmount program have dif&endash;
ferent calling conventions, /sbin/mount.smb
may
have to be a shell script that sets up the desired
call.
The type iso9660 is the default. If no -t
option
superblock is probed for the
filesystem type
(minix, ext, ext2, xiafs, iso9660, romfs are
sup&endash;
ported). If this probe fails, mount will try
to
read the file /etc/filesystems, or, if that
does
not exist, /proc/filesystems. All of the
filesys&endash;
tem types listed there will be tried, except
for
those that are labeled "nodev" (e.g.,
proc and
nfs).
Note that the auto type may be useful for
user-
mounted floppies. Creating a file /etc/filesystems
can be useful to change the probe order (e.g., to
try vfat before msdos) or if you use a kernel mod&endash;
ule autoloader. Warning: the
probing uses a
heuristic (the presence of appropriate
`magic'),
and could recognize the wrong filesystem type.
More than one type may be specified in a comma sep&endash;
arated list. The list of file system types can be
prefixed with no to specify the file system types
on which no action should be taken. (This can
be
meaningful with the -a option.)
For example, the command:
mount -a -t nomsdos,ext
mounts all file systems except those of type msdos
and ext.
-o
Options are specified with a -o flag followed by a
comma separated string of options. Some of
these
options are only useful when they appear in
the
/etc/fstab file. The following options apply
to
any file system that is being mounted:
async All I/O to the file system should be
done
asynchronously.
atime Update inode access time for each
access.
This is the default.
auto Can be mounted with the -a option.
defaults
Use default options: rw, suid, dev, exec,
auto, nouser, and async.
dev Interpret character or block special
devices
on the file system.
exec Permit execution of binaries.
noatime
Do not update inode access times on this
file system (e.g, for faster access on the
news spool to speed up news servers).
noauto Can only be mounted explicitly (i.e., the -a
option will not cause the file system to be
mounted).
nodev Do not interpret character or block special
devices on the file system.
noexec Do not allow execution of any binaries
on
the mounted file system. This option might
be useful for a server that has file systems
containing binaries for architectures other
than its own.